ELT

STAGE OF A LESSON

Typically, lessons have been divided into different logical stages to help the student's learning (warm up, presentation, controlled practice, etc). However, more recent discussion recognize only three major stages in a lesson:

The beginning

The middle

The end

It's an activity that helps the student to switch from L1 to L2. This activity is called the warm-up.

In this part, teachers present and model activities for the students to do. This part takes the most time in a lesson, and when moving from one activity to the next, the teacher may use transitions (brief verbal markers).

In this stage teacher assign homework, identify or summarize key elements of the lesson.

Within this stages there are two major models of teaching

The PPP Model

The ESA Model

PPP (Presentation, Practice and Production), a lot of teacher find it easier to use with large and small groups, also because of the predictability and routines of it.

However, other teachers find it useless because when the lesson finishes, students rarely remember it

This model is a more flexible alternative to PPP

Engage (E)

Study (S)

Activate (A)

As a teacher you have to engage learners in the lesson through games, discussions, etc. in order to make them remember more.

In this activities, learners focus on the construction of something (in the language itself, the way it's used, etc)

Any part of the lesson in which the students use the language freely and communicatively, the purpose of this is to use all the language they know (this can be done by role-plays, debates,etc ).

These three elements of ESA can vary. (EAS, ASE, etc)