Concept Map. Conditionals

4 types of Conditionals

Conditional sentences

Condition clause

Result clause

have two clauses

The verb tenses used in each clause depends on whether the speaker thinks the result is real or unreal.

Types of conditionals

Zero conditional

First conditional

Second conditional

Third conditional

Mixed conditionals

Expressions are based on facts, once the situation happens the result will be the same for everybody.

Condition clause:

Present

Result

clause:

Present

Tenses for clauses

"If I drink coffe at night I don't sleep well"

First conditional expressions are based on reality, they express a situation which is possible and a probable result.

Condition clause:

Present

Result

clause:

Will + verb in base form

Tenses for clauses

"If I drink coffe at night I will not sleep well"

Expressions are based on:

1. Situations which are opposite to reality in the present

2. Unreal situations

3. Possible but improbable situations.

Condition clause:

Simple past

Result

clause:

Would + ver in base form

Tenses for clauses

1. If I needed a new car I would buy a Ferrari.

2. If I were younger, I would study

harder.

3. If it rained in the Sahara, people would

be surprised.

Third conditional expressions are related to the past, they express a situation that didn’t happen, what they express is opposite to reality.

Condition clause:

Past perfect

Result

clause:

would + have + verb in past participle

Tenses for clauses

"If I had studied more, I would have

passed my test"

Expressions which combines the second and the third conditional.

Condition clause:

Past perfect

Result

clause:

would + verb in base form

/

would + have + verb in past participle

Tenses for clauses

If we had started the project last week…

We wouldn’t be in this situation. (2nd)

We would have finished yesterday. (3rd)