Conditionals

What this page covers

This unit sits in the strand Grammar: Verbs and Tenses, within English language. It is all about if-sentences: how they are formed and when to use each type. Most of the material comes from mind maps, with quizzes, flashcard decks, slide sets, notes and a few flowcharts alongside.

The types, in a sensible order

Start with the simplest and work upwards.

1. Zero conditional: if plus present simple, then present simple, for general truths such as "If it rains, you get wet."
2. First conditional: if plus present simple, then will plus verb, for possible or probable future events.
3. Second conditional: if plus past simple, then would plus verb, for unlikely or imagined situations.
4. Third conditional: unreal situations in the past, often tied to regrets.
5. Mixed conditionals: the time in the main clause differs from the time in the if-clause.

Where to begin

The mind map Zero and First Conditionals is a good first stop. It sets out the form of the if-clause and the main clause, then gives the use of each. The mind map CONDITIONAL SENTENCES covers the same ground in a compact layout. When you are ready to move on, try First and second conditional and the Mixed conditional map.

Using maps and quizzes together

Read a map first, then take a quiz straight away while the pattern is fresh. The Third Conditional quiz asks you to fill gaps in sentences such as "If I'd ___ on time...". Practise Healthy Habits - Conditional Sentences is built around a short story. Quizzes like Unless as long as in case and Regrets stretch you beyond the basics. If you miss a question, go back to the map for that type.

Flashcards and extras

The MIXED CONDITIONALS flashcard deck gives you pairs of facts to turn into sentences, which is useful for speaking and writing practice. Teachers can look through the slide sets and flowcharts for classroom-ready material.

Choose one type, work through a map and a quiz, then come back for the next.