Chapter 1 - Nutriants, Water and Cell [In progress]

Nutrition

Health and wellness of humans

Production

Water

Carbohydrates

Protein

Lipids

Vitamins

Minerals

Cheapest and Most Abundant

1. Fresh Drinking

2. Food

3. Metabolic

a. Transports

b. Dictates Osmolality

c. Hand in many rxns

d. Lubricates and Cushions Joints

e. Gives cells shape

f. A/B regulation

g. Primairly maintains homeostasis

Na+ K+ Ca2+ CL- Mg2+

Intracellular

Extracellular

Sensible

Insensible

Urine

Feces

Lactation

Lungs (vapor)

Skin (sweat)

Intake: increase

Intake: Decrease

Increased diet

Increased Protein

Increases Salt

Increases Fiber

Temperature stress (hot+cold)

Gestation

Lactation

Preformance/work

Disease

Species (livestock)

Increase Water

Age (older)

Avian < Porcine < Caprine/Ovine(meat) <Caprine/Ovine(dairy) < Equine < Bovine(Meat) < Bovine(dairy)

Decreased Quality

Nitrates/ites

Fluoride

Heavy Metals

Ca/Mg/Na Salts (Gypsum Water)

Toxins

Organic

Pathogens

Pesticides

Hydrocarbons

Bacteria

Cyanobacteria (Blue/Green Algae)

Decaying Animals increase N and P in water

Release Nuro and Hepatoxins

Love high N + P

Decreased Quantity

Facility

Environmental

Crowding

Animal dominance/guarding

Slow flow rate

Drought

High Temp.

Freezing Temp.

Drought > Increased consentrated solids>decreased quality

Dietary restrictions/Deficiencies

Low food intake

Increased weightloss

Constipation

Stiff Gate*

increases excreation of N and electrolytes