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Federalism

1. Federal-State Realtions

   • Grants-in-Aid: Money paid from one level of government to another to be spent for a specific purpose.
   • Categorical Grants: Target specific purposes and "strings attached".
   • Mandates: A requirement that a state undertake an activity or provide a service.
   • Condition of Aid: Tell state government what they must do if they wish to receive grant money; traditional control.

2. Devolution Revolution

   • Devolution, or transfer of powers from the national government to the states.
   • Devolution is the return of power to the states government.

3. Supremacy Clause

   • Article VI of the Con. mandates that actions by the national government are supreme.
   • Any conflict between a legitimate action of the national government and state will resolved in favor of the national government.
   • The Con. and federal laws superior to all conflicting state and local laws.
   • National government legislation preempts m (takes precedence over) conflicting state or local laws or regulations.

4. Federalism

   • Cons: States can impede progress of nations.
   • Cons: States are unequal
   • Cons: States have different policies.
   • Cons: Easier for states to dominated by poweful interest groups.
   • Pros: Built on comprise, promotes unity.
   • Pros: Government closer to people.
   • Pros: Allows for state government to address issues in unique regions of the country.