Mind Map

Mind Map

1. Phonology

   • Is that sub discipline within linguistics concerned with the sound of the language
   • Phonology Areas
     • Auditory Phonetics
       • The job of auditory phonetics is not only to make auditory parameters available for isolated events such as the hiss and the hush, but to make a comprehensive network at auditory parameters which will ideally cover all phonetic events.
       • Categories
         • Instantaneous noise: Bang, brust, click, crack, pop, snap, tap, thud.
         • Fluttery noise: Clatter, gurgle, patter, pocket, raffle,rumbe, sizzle, sputter.
         • Continuos noise: Buzz, drone, hiss, hum, hush, peep, squeak, swish, zoom.
     • Acoustic Phonmics
       • The branch of phonemics that studies the physical parameters of speech sounds.
     • Articulatory phonemics
       • Is a branch of phonetics which is largely based on data provided by others sciences, among which the most important are human anatomy and physiology.

2. Articulatory Phonetics

   • What the component of the sound are?
     • Pitch, timbre, harmonics, loudness, rhythm, attack, sustain, decay, speed.
   • What and how the reception of the sound is in our brain?
     • Rather the interpreting, storing and recalling each of the billions of nerve impulses transmitted by our ears to the brain - the brain stem and auditory cortex - interpret the incoming information and convert it into hearing sensations that can be enjoyed and stored as information unites with a higher abstraction than the original incoming information: aural activity images and aural scenes.
     • The incoming audio signal is sent to by the ears to the brainstem in two information streams: one from the left ear and one from the right ear. The information streams are received y the brainstem in the frequency domain. The information is sent to the auditory cortex, grouping the spectrum into 24 critical band rates called "barks" to be analyzed to generate aural activity images.
   • How the production of the sound is?
     • Is produce by any object that vibrates and is in contact with a medium
   • how is the breathing, articulation and phonation?
     • Respiration: There are internal, external muscles that work together to expand our chest cavity so air can rush into the lungs.
     • Phonation: Is the process by which the vocal folds start vibrating to create utterances or the sounds needed the vocal folds are the larynx and are sorrounded by many muscles that help manipulate the column of pressurized air coming from the lungs. This help to create complex tones of different pitches.
     • Articulation: It takes place in the mouth and it's the precess through which we can differentiate most speech sounds.

3. What is a phoneme?

   • Are defined as the smallest distinctive or contrastive units of the sound system of a languag.

4. What is an allophone?

   • Phonemes, the idealized, abstract sounds of a language, can be realized in many different ways and we call these different realizations of a phoneme "allophones".