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Communication

1. Non-Verbal Communication

   • Verbal Communication
     • Vocabulary
       • Limited vocabulary or speaking another language may make it difficult for the nurse to communicate with the client. Use of medical jargon may decrease client understanding.
     • Denotative/Connotative Meaning
       • Participants must share meanings. Words that have multiple meanings may cause miscommunication if interpreted differently.
     • Clarity/Brevity
       • The shortest, simplest communication is usually the most effective. Communication should be purposeful, planned & goal directed.
     • Timing/Relevance
       • Plan for & allow adequate time to communicate with others. Knowing when to communicate allows the receiver to be more attentive to the message.
     • Pacing
       • The rate of speech can communicate an unintended meaning to the receiver.
     • Intonation
       • The tone of voice can communicate a variety of feelings.
   • Appearance/Posture
     • Body language and posture may demonstrate comfort and ease in the situation
   • Facial Expressions/Eye Contact/Gestures
     • Show concern and facilitate an emotional connection and support between the nurse and the client/family/significant other.
     • A display of acceptance of the client/family/significant other will encourage open, honest communication.
   • Sounds
     • Crying or moaning can have multiple meanings when accompanied by other nonverbal communication.
   • Territoriality/Personal Space
     • Lack of awareness of territoriality and personal space can cause clients to feel threatened and react with defensiveness.