4. Switched Networks

4. Switched Networks

1. 4.1.LAN design

   • Converged Networks
     • contribute to providing access to the network in any moment, anywhere and on any device.
     • Elements of a convergent network.
       • Control of calls.
       • Voice messaging
       • Mobility
       • Answering machine.
     • Cisco Borderless Networks
       • arquitectura de red que combina la innovación y el diseño. Permite que las organizaciones soporten una red sin fronteras que pueda conectarse con cualquier persona, en cualquier lugar, en cualquier momento, en cualquier dispositivo, en forma segura, confiable y sin inconvenientes
     • Hierarchy in the switched networks without borders.
       • requires the use of solid network design principles to ensure maximum availability, flexibility, security and ease of administration.
         • hierarchy
         • Modularity
         • Recovery capacity
         • Flexibility
     • Layers of access, distribution and central core.
       • The access layer represents the perimeter of the network, where the network traffic of the campus enters or leaves.
       • The distribution layer interacts between the access layer and the layer core to provide many important functions.
       • The core layer is the backbone of a network.

2. 4.1.2.Function of the switched networks

   • the networks were basically changed by switched LANs in the network hierarchical Switched LANs provide more flexibility, traffic management and additional features.
   • Form factors
     • In commercial networks, various types of switches.It is important to implement the types of switches suitable according to the requirements of the network
       • Fixed configuration switches
       • Modular configuration switches
       • Stackable configuration switches

3. 4.2.The Switched environment

   • Switch forwarding methods
     • Switching por método de corte
       • Ability to initiate the re-sending of a plot before with switching for storage and shipping.
     • Storage switch
       • Send and receive the complete plot and calculate CRC, validating and looking for the destination address that determines the exit interface.
   • 4.2.1.Forwarded frames
     • Switching as a general concept in network and telecommunications technology.
       • The only intelligence that the LAN switches possess is the ability to use the table to forward traffic according to the port of entry and the destination address of a message.
     • MAC address tables on connected switches
       • The switches use MAC addresses to direct the network communications through the switch to the port corresponding to the destination.
       • LAN switches determine how to handle the frames of incoming data through a table of MAC addresses.
       • The switch generates the table of MAC addresses by registering the MAC address of each device connected to each of the ports.
       • The switch uses the information from the MAC address table to send the frames intended for a specific device by the port that was assigned to that device.
   • 4.2.2.Switch domains
     • Collision domains
       • When two or more devices of the same collision domain try to communicate to the At the same time, a collision occurs.
     • Broadcast domains
       • A series of switches interconnected forms a simple diffusion domain.
       • Los routers se utilizan para segmentar los dominios de difusión, pero los también segmentan un dominio de colisión
     • Relief of network congestion
       • By default, the ports of interconnected switches try to establish a full duplex link and therefore it eliminate the collision domains.
       • The switches interconnect LAN segments, use a table of MAC addresses to determine the segment to which they must send the plot and can reduce or eliminate collisions completely.