Morphology

Morphology

1. Non - words with unpredictable meaning

   • Possible to be a basic building block
     • Native speaker instictively undestand the words
       • without the need of transating word by word
     • Idioms
       • Is a group of word stablished d by usage as having a meaning not deductible from those of the individual words.
         • E.g
           • Easy peasy
             • To be on the same boat
       • Proverbs are items larger than phrase with unpredictable meaning.
         • E.g
           • It is not use crying over spilt milk… it means that after an accident one should look to the future, rather than waste time wishing the accident had not happened

2. Morpheme

   • Is the minimal unit of a meaning.
     • Morpheme can be divided in:
       • Free morphemes
         • They dont need other morphemes to have a meaning, the have meaning for themselves
           • This class is composed by nouns, adjectives, adverbs.
             • E.g
               • window
       • Bound Moprhemes
         • They don't have meaning for themselves, They need other morphemes to have a meaning.
           • E.g
             • -cieve
         • They are divided into 2 categories
           • Bound roots
             • They are divided into two categories
               • Derivational morphemes
                 • They build new words.
                   • E.g
                     • Think + re = rethink
               • Inflexional morphemes
                 • They build new forms of a word
                   • E.g
                     • Dog + s = Dogs
             • Cranberry Morphs
               • This is a type of linked morpheme that cannot be assigned an independent meaning or grammatical function but allows to distinguish one
                 • E.g
                   • mit = submit, permit
           • Affixes
             • An affix is a bound morpheme, which means that it is exclusively attached to a free morpheme to receive meaning
               • E.g
                 • Prefixes
                   • re-
                     • in-
                       • des-
                 • Suffixes
                   • -able
                     • -s
                       • -ing
             • Prefixes
               • like pre, re, dis or un go to the beginning of the word. They can be found in English and spanish.
             • Sufixxes
               • like an, ize, al or ly go to the end of the word. Also found in Spanish
             • Infixes
               • for other languages go in the middle of the word. Infixes are relatively rare in English, but you can find them in the plural forms of some words
             • Circunfixes
               • go at the biggining or the end of a word.