TOPIC 6

TOPIC 6

1. 3. CONTRIBUTIONS OF LINGUISTICS TO FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING

   • 3.1. The influence of linguistics on FL teaching in the 19th century
     • Reform Movement (1860-1910) marks the beginning of the influence of linguistics on FL teaching
       • Little impact in its own time, but the work carried out by its members laid the foundations for new developments
     • Reformers applied linguists and phoneticians from across Europe
     • Language teaching should focus on oral skills
     • Henry Sweet, Otto Jepersen, Paul Passy, Harold Palmer, Wilhelm Viëtor and François Gouin
       • Henry Sweet and Paul Passy also members of International Phonetic Association
       • François Gouin's observations led to creation of Natural Method.
     • Methods
       • Oral Method, Intuitive Method, Phonetic Method, Direct Method
       • They all: imitate L1 acquisition, focus on oral skills and pronunciation, pay little attention to grammar and use L2 as language of teaching
   • 3.2. Linguistic frameworks in the 20th century
     • Two linguistic frameworks
       • Structural linguistics
         • Saussure
         • Distinction between langue and parole or language system vs speech
         • Many methods: Audio-lingual and Structural Situational
       • Communicative Revolution
         • began with the emergence of notional-functional syllabus
           • European Commission: based on language functions
           • Wilkins, Widdowson and Van Ek
         • Approaches
           • Communicative Approach
           • Natural Approach
           • CLIL
           • Task-based learning
           • Flipped classroom

2. 4. THE LANGUAGE LEARNING PROCESS: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN LEARNING ONE'S FIRST LANGUAGE AND LEARNING THE FL

   • 4.1. Similarities
     • Stages
       • silent period
       • Formulaic speech
       • Structural and semantic simplification
     • Imitation and practice in first stages
     • Making errors
     • using chunks of lg at the beginning
     • context, clues and prior lg help comprehend lg
     • understand more than they are able to produce
   • 4.2. Differences
     • L1 after we are born, family. L2 later, school
     • L1 learnt in a natural way "acquired". L2 learnt
     • may not have opportunities to come into contact with native in L2
     • L2: knowledge of first lg also serves as the basis for learning L2