Learning Strategies

Learning Strategies

1. Cognitive Strategies

   • Guessing from context
   • Analysing
   • Reasoning inductively
   • Reasoning deductively
   • Taking systematic notes
   • Reorganising information
   • facilitate the mental restructuring of information.

2. Mnemonic Strategies

   • help learners link a new item with something known
   • Memorising information in an orderly string
     • by sounds
     • by body movement
     • by location on a page or blackboard

3. Metacognitive Strategies

   • help learners manage
     • themselves as learners,
     • the general learning process
     • specific learning tasks
   • helps individuals know themselves better as language learners
   • Self-knowledge strategies include identifying one's own interests

4. Compesatory Strategies for Speaking and Writing

   • help learners make up for missing knowledge
     • when using English in oral or written communication
   • using synonyms
   • circumlocution
   • gesturing to suggest the meaning.

5. Affective Strategies

   • facilitate learning with others
     • help learners understand the culture of the language they are learning.
   • social strategies are nevertheless crucial for communicative language learning.

6. Social Strategies

   • include identifying one's feelings
     • anxiety
     • anger
     • contentment
   • Language learning anxiety
     • is usually related to fear of communicating