ELECTRONICS

ELECTRONICS

1. Electronics is the use of electric current to control, comunicate,and process information

   • semiconductor devices
     • N-type semiconductor: adding an element with an extra electron to silicon creaates a n-typen semiconductor
     • P-type semiconductor:adding an element with fewer electrons, or holes, creates a p-type semiconductor
     • Telephones
       • sound is transformed into an electronicsignal that is transmitted and then transformed back into sound
         • Computer
           • is an electronic device that stores, processes,and retrieves information
             • the binary system: a method of representing numbers that has 2 as its base and uses only the digits 0 and 1
             • using the binary system: is similar to the base-10 numbre system,except that the base number is 2
             • bits and bytes: each 1 or 10 in the binary system is called a bit, short for binary digit. arrangements of eight bits are called bytes

2. An electronic signal is a varying electric current that represents information

   • Diodes: an electronic component that consisethers of a n-type andd a p-type semiconductor joined together
     • Sound Recording:
       • can be reproduced using an analog device such as a phonograph or a digital device such as a CD player
         • Computer Hardware
           • the phyical parts that allow a computer to receive, store, and present information make up the computers hardware
             • central processing unit: serves as the brain of a computer
             • input and output devices: an input device is a dive that feeds data to a CPU, and an output is a device thatpresents data from a computer
             • memory: computers store information in their memory

3. There are two basic kinds of electronic signals: analog signals and digital signals

   • Analog signals
     • a current is a varied smoothly to represent information
   • Digital signals
     • pulses of current are used to represent information.
   • Radio
     • voices or music on an AM or FM radio station are electronic signals carried by an electronic wave
       • Computer Software
         • is a set of instructions that directs the computer hardware to perform operatins on stored information
           • two kinds of software: one kind of software is a computer operating system, a second type is usually called application system
           • computer programming: use computer languages that convert input information into instructions

4. Any information that can be measuredor numberedcan be converted into a signal

   • transistors: a solid state component used to amplifyan electronic signal or to switch current on and off
     • Television
       • electromagnetic waves can be used to carry images as well as sound
         • Computer Networks
           • is a group of coputers connected by cables or telephonelines
             • the internet: is a global network that links millions of computers in businesses ,schools, and research organizations
             • world wide web: is a system thatallows you to dispay and view files , called pages, on the internet

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