First Conditional vs. Second Conditional

First Conditional vs. Second Conditional

1. First Conditional

   • Form (Formula)/Structure
     • In first conditional sentences, the structure is usually: if/when + present simple >> will + infinitive.
     • The affirmative structure is: If + present simple, will + verb (in infinitive).
     • The negative structure is: If + do/does not + present simple, will + verb (in infinitive).
     • The interrogative structure is: Interrogative + will + verb (in infinitive) + if + present simple?
     • The first conditional in English is formed with the present simple after “if” while the second clause uses the future simple.
   • Usage
     • It's used to talk about things which might happen in the future. Of course, we can't know what will happen in the future, but this describes possible things, which could easily come true.
   • Example
     • If I go to bed late, I will get up very late.
     • If I do not go to bed late, I will get up early.
     • What will you do if you go to bed late?
     • If it rains, I won't go to the park.

2. Second Conditional

   • Form (Formula)/Structure
     • The second conditionalis a structure used to talk about impossible or imaginary situations.
     • The affirmative structure is: If + past simple >> + would/could + infinitive.
     • The negative structure is: If + didn't + verb (simple form)+ wouldn't/couldn't + verb (simple form)
     • The interrogative structure is: Interrogative + Would + do or does + if + verb (in past simple)
   • Example
     • If I won the lottery, I would buy a house.
     • If I did not won the lottery, I wouldn't buy a house
     • What would you do if you won the lottery?
     • If she studied more often, she would receive better test scores.
   • Usage
     • It's used for unreal situations in the present, imagined events, impossible present situations and hypotetical situations, in the present or in the future and its consequence.

3. What is difference between: Present Perfect vs. Present Perfect Continuous

   • The difference is that, the first conditional describes something that is possible, and could really happen. The second conditional describes something that is possible, but will almost certainly not happen.

4. Bibliography: ABA English. (5 de April de 2014). The First Conditional | ABA English. Obtained of https://blog.abaenglish.com/intermediate-grammar-first-conditional/#:~:text=The%20first%20conditional%20in.html Woodward English. (3 de April de 2020). Second Conditional. Obtained of https://www.grammar.cl/english/second-conditional.htm

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