Robot

Robot

1. Robotics studies the design, construction, programming and application of machines capable of performing diverse tasks.

2. A robot is a machine controlled by a computer and programmed to move, manipulate objects and perform tasks.

   • Characteristics
     • 1- Reprogrammable: a process to achieve a new sequence of movements or processes. 2- Manipulator: move in space and to orient it in the position that must be placed. 3-Repetitive: ability of robots to carry actions many times. 4- Exact: perform actions with the same precision. 5-Muntifunctional: They develop different tasks.
     • 5-Muntifunctional: They develop different tasks. 6-Hardware: Physic structure; it's designed with an emphasis based on the environment, user and task. 7-Software: Instructions to develop different tasks. 8-Sensors: Detect changes, measure magnitudes, send information. 9-Movement: It must have action or movement through different actors. 10- Power source: To turn work when making movements.
     • Machine
   • Robots that not have a physical structure
     • They are software, are called bots, are used in chat services.
   • The term "robot" was coined in 1923 by Karel Capek
   • The word "robotics" is coined by Isaac Asimov.

3. Machines

   • Simple Machines
     • Are the first machine or tools that help man to do easy his tasks.
   • Are created machine to facilitating movements.
   • Compound Machines
     • Second Industrial Revolution- was made possible thanks to energy, electricity, etc. Third Industrial Revolution- renewable energies and the internet. Fourth Industrial Revolution- revolition4.0, combine physical machinery with digital processes, impact the labor market

4. First generation (1G): [manipulations] Multifunctional mechanical systems.

5. Second generation (2G): [learning] Through sensors, control system , acquire information from their environment, robot memorizes and replicates those movements

6. Third generation (3G) [ with sensorized control]: Robots with controllers (CPU) use data and information obtained from their sensors.

7. Fourth generation (4G) [intelligence]: obtain and analyze data

8. Fifth generation (5G): intelligence with nanotechnology.

9. Chronology

10. Polyarticulated: make limited movements and move in a work space according to a coordinate system.

11. Ciborg: The union between cybernetics and living organisms, they are living matter and electronic devices. term is to used to refer to human being with the intention of improving their capabilities

12. Zoomorphic: They are used for research and experimentation for development of piloted and autonomous vehicles of great utility in difficult terrains.

13. Hybrids [Hybrot]: Cybernetic organism controlled by computer, it is said to be a semi-living being since it contains biological elements