CONTROL STRUCTURES

CONTROL STRUCTURES

1. For the constructions of an algorithm three basic control structures are used . Algorithm by nature have a sequential structure, that is one action is presented after another a series of equential actions is the most basic structure of an algorithm

   • therefore ffor the contruction of an algorithm three basic control structure are used
     • Sequence: It occurs when one action follows the other. It is the simplest and most common of all and constitutes the essence of all scheduled tasks.
       • Selection also known as decision or condition :This type of structure is used to make logical decisions (true or false), they are also known as decision or condition structures. This structure evaluates a condition and depending on the result, one option or another (s) is made
         • Iteration also known as looping or repetition: Also known as repetitive structures, they allow repeating a set of actions in a finite way based on a condition. There are several, three of which are the best known: while, doing-while, from-to.
   • Iterary Structures: In programming there are the basic and fundamental structures of an algorithm, now by means of conditional structures we are able to define which expression is the most appropriate according to the problem, but when a process needs to be repeated several times they are not enough, for this they are the iterative structures capable of enunciating more complicated and defined processes to redound as long as a condition is fulfilled or not.
     • • Repeat • While • For
   • Conditional Structures: In an algorithm there is a list of statements or instructions that are executed as they are sequentially interpreted. However, sometimes we are interested in controlling the flow of execution by establishing alternatives, that is, that a series of statements are executed on some occasions and not on others. To allow this there are conditional structures. Not all problems can be solved using sequential structures. When a decision has to be made, conditional structures appear.
     • Simple or conditional selection :It is a control structure that allows executing a group of actions depending on some logical condition. Control structures allow you to control the flow of the program to determine which actions are executed and which are not. In this type of structure, a set of actions are executed if and only if the condition is fulfilled or becomes true.
       • Double selection or double conditiona:l The simple selective structure is very easy to use and very common but sometimes we need to tell the program if a condition is not fulfilled to perform a certain task and if it is fulfilled, make us another. The main point of this structure is that it is also possible to indicate what actions to carry out in case the condition is false.
         • Nested Conditionals: It is also possible to nest several conditionals to express more complex conditions. We say that a conditional structure is nested when by the true or false branch of a conditional structure there is another conditional structure.
           • Multiple choice: It is a control structure, which is used in problems where it is necessary to carry out an analysis by cases, that is, it allows dealing with problems where the actions to be taken depend on the evaluation of certain conditions. The notation that we are going to use.