COMPUTER SECURITY

COMPUTER SECURITY

1. 2. SECURITY ON THE COMPUTER

   • Threats to the computer: malicious software
     • Malware is software developed for malicious purposes (viruses, trojans, worms...)
   • Types of malware
     • virus
       • Program that installs itself on the computer without user´s consent with the aim of causing harm, it can infect other computers
     • Keylogger
       • Software that attempts to obtain and memorise keystrokes (obtain passwords)
     • Spyware
       • Not all spyware is malware
         • Trojan
           • Type of virus that destroy or gather information saved on disks
         • Adware
           • Advertising included in programs that appears after installation
         • Hijackers
           • Hijack other programs to use their rights or change their behaviour
     • Worm
       • Malware whose purpose is to flood the systemmemory by reproducing itself
   • More terminology
     • Hackers
       • Expert computer criminals who are only loking for intellectual chalenge
     • Crackers
       • People who try and change how a commercial program works
     • Cookies
       • Text files that are saved yto the computer by thr browser when we visit a website
     • Pharming
       • Practice involves redirecting a domain name to a different computer
     • Hoaxes
       • Chain e-mails started by companies to gather e-mail addresses
     • Spam or junk mail
       • E-mails messages that flood the network in order to advertise products
   • Software to protect the computer: computer security
     • Antivirus
       • Program that analyses, check and looks for
     • Firewall
       • Defence system that controls and filters network traffic
     • Proxy
       • Software that fnctions as an entry port
     • Passwords
       • Hel protect the security of a file
     • Cryptography
       • Encrypting of information

2. 1. ACTIVE AND PASSIVE SECURITY

   • If we are going to use a computer, we must:
     • Know how to use it
       • Know what security tools
         • Apply a set of basic security tools
   • Active security
     • set of actions aimed at protecting the computer and its content
   • Passive security
     • Minimise the impact of possible computer damage

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