Form, position and function

Form, position and function

1. Análisis Morfológico

   • Estudia la forma y estructura de las palabras.
     • Características: Diversidad de combinaciones entre elementos básicos del lenguaje humano.
   • Morfología
     • Parte de la gramática que se ocupa de la formación de las palabras.
       • Ejemplo: La palabra 'forma' en griego es 'morfè'.
   • Análisis de Morfema
     • Identificación de la forma mínima con significado estable.
       • Componentes:
         • Morfema, análisis de la parcial recurrente y el alomorfo.

2. Análisis Gramatical por Posición

   • Clases posicionales y nombres propios tradicionales. Cada clase posicional tiene una función gramatical específica.
     • Clases Abiertas y Cerradas
       • Clases Abiertas:
         • Sustantivos, adjetivos, verbos, y adverbios. Susceptibles al cambio.
         • Clases Cerradas:
           • Palabras de estructura, resistentes al cambio lingüístico.

3. Functions

   • Dual Role: Each position in the pattern has a dual role.
     • Habitat:
       • Each position is the habitat of a specific part of speech (noun, verb, adjective, or adverb).
       • Signaling:
         • The second role is to signal the grammatical meaning of its occupant, known as function.
   • Three Modes of Classification
     • Classification by Function:
       • Classification by Form:
         • Classification by Position:
           • Part of speech, not function, associated with positions; certain groups of positions typically occupied by specific parts of speech.
           • Parts of Speech: Positional Classes
             • An English sentence is an arrangement of words in their capacity as parts of speech. Importance: Understanding the identity of parts of speech is crucial for comprehending the communicated message.
             • Classes
               • Form-classes:
                 • Large and open classes, allowing new members.
                 • Structure-classes:
                   • Small and closed classes, rarely admitting new members; recognized by position alone.
                   • Positional-classes:
                     • Based on the position occupied by form-classes; includes both words and word groups.
         • Includes nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, and uninflected words; not satisfactory as a complete part-of-speech.
       • Specific positions in patterns signal grammatical meanings.