PRESENTATIONS

PRESENTATIONS

1. DECISIONS TREE

   • It is based on classification principles that predict the outcome of a decision, giving rise to different branches of a tree. Part of a root, which gradually has different decision nodes. The structure has termination nodes at the end
   • Symbol
     • Decision Node Indicates a situation in which a decision must be made and is represented by a closed square. This is how most decision tree diagrams start
     • Chance Node When we are not sure of the outcome of a situation, we represent it with a chance node. It can produce multiple results, but in most cases it is recommended that it only produce two results at a time. This node is represented by a circle
     • End Node These are the leaf nodes that represent the end of the decision diagram. No more branches are expected from an end node. A small triangle is used for a terminator or end node.
     • Branches Every time a decision is made, it leads to different nodes. A branch connects these nodes and represents a situation or a result. The result is usually written on the branch in plain text.
     • Rejected option This is an optional symbol in a decision tree that is drawn after the entire diagram has been created. We simply mark it on the branch of the option that we want not to continue. Rejected option This is an optional symbol in a decision tree that is drawn after the entire diagram has been created. We simply mark it on the branch of the option that we want not to continue.

2. Pareto Chart

   • A Pareto chart is a technique that allows you to graphically classify information from most to least relevant, with the aim of recognizing the most important problems that you should focus on and solve them. This technique is based on the Pareto principle or 80/20 rule, which establishes a relationship of correspondence between the 80-20 groups, where 80% of the consequences come from 20% of the causes. The Pareto diagram, also known as the ABC distribution curve, consists of a graph that classifies the aspects related to a problem and orders them from higher to lower frequency, thus allowing a clear visualization of the main cause of a consequence.
   • Characteristics of a Pareto Chart
     • It is a simple calculation technique.
     • It allows you to make objective decisions that are based on data and not on personal opinions
     • Look at the elements and focus your efforts towards a single goal.
     • Analyze the characteristics of a group and recognize the most important points within it to give them priority.
   • ELEMENTS OF THE PARETO CHART
     • The elements that make up the Pareto chart are: Left Y axis. Corresponds to the frequency with which a problem or situation analyzed occurs. Right Y axis. It refers to the percentage that is accumulated from the total number of occurrences. X axis. In the lower part, the categories of the problems or situations that are being evaluated are described.
   • Advantages of the Pareto Chart
     • Among the advantages of using the Pareto Chart for decision making are: It helps you focus your efforts on the improvements that will bring the most benefits. It offers a simple and effective panorama on the priority of the problems. It prevents problems from getting bigger. It is an easy-to-understand tool and encourages the desire to solve problems within the organization.
   • How to make a Pareto Chart?
     • To create a Pareto Chart you must perform the following steps: Find out what the problem is, collect the data and select the ones to be analyzed. Rank information in order of priority, from highest to lowest. Arrange the data in a table from highest to lowest and calculate the percentage of each. Trace the graph. First the vertical and horizontal axes, then draw the left vertical line for the frequency. Draw one for each group from largest to smallest. Draw the right line that represents the cumulative percentage. Draw a curve joining the points to represent the total for each group. Put the corresponding data on the diagram: title, date, period covered, the source of information, etc. Analyze the graph and establish which are the vital points and which need to be attended to with priority.

3. BRAINSTORMING

   • What is brainstorming?
     • -Brainstorming is an unstructured technique for work groups, where solutions to various situations are sought by generating spontaneous, relaxed and horizontal ideas.
   • What is it for
     • Brainstorming will allow you to find new points of view from colleagues you see every day, but may not always recognize as your allies in creativity. In addition, it is one of the best tools to unlock inventiveness, whether yours or that of your team members. It can give you amazing results once you establish that atmosphere of trust, even the most timid may express what they think about a topic. The best thing is that you can give different approaches, both in the subject to be addressed and its delimitation as well as doing sessions of approach to this technique or for an urgent project.
   • Advantages
     • It puts at your disposal diverse ideas, where some will be very valuable for your projects.
     • -It helps you eliminate obstacles in the creativity of a team regarding a more or less specific issue.
     • -It positively influences the dynamics of work as it is an extraordinary moment in the day to day
   • Disadvantages
     • If you don't make a proper selection, you could follow an idea that isn't so convenient. Remember that even innovation requires certain rules.
     • Often, it happens that only some collaborators actively participate, while others will only say "yes" or "no" to their proposals out of laziness to get involved.
     • It is likely that some people, for fear of public speaking or making mistakes, do not express their comments.
   • Types of brainstorming.
     • -What if...?
     • -Mind map.
     • Individual.
     • -Gordon.
     • Star.

4. ISHIKAWA'S DIAGRAM

   • WHAT IS?
     • t is a tool that identifies quality problems and provides solutions by graphically representing the factors that involve the execution of a process. It is also known as a cause-effect diagram or the 6M diagram
   • HOW IT HELPS ISHIKAWA´S DIAGRAM?
     • The great help that the Ishikawa diagram provides to your business is to facilitate the visualization of problem causes. And this because its fishbone format allows us to more clearly observe the stages and processes and identify the driving principles of the problems. And then solve them
   • ADVANTAGES
     • process improvements
     • Identification of causes
     • Ranking of the causes found
     • Visual record, facilitating future analysis
   • DISADVANTAGES
     • Very simple
     • Large structure
     • Does not prioritize causes
     • Can be very subjective
     • Be a waste of time
   • STRUCTURE
     • Build amultidisciplinary teamof people
     • Start with a blank diagram. Logically to fill itfrom scratch
     • Write concisely the problem or effectthatis occurring
     • Identify the categoriesinto which the causes ofthe problemcan be classified
     • Identify the causes
   • TYPES
     • simple fish diagram
     • Stratification method
     • Process flow method
     • Cause and effect diagram with the 6m method