Cells

Descripción

GCSE (Biology) Core Science Mapa Mental sobre Cells, creado por Imogen colvin el 16/06/2024.
Imogen colvin
Mapa Mental por Imogen colvin, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Imogen colvin
Creado por Imogen colvin hace más de 1 año
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Resumen del Recurso

Cells
  1. Eukaryotes
      1. Most animal and plant cells are eukaryotic
        1. Have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles
          1. Plant and animal cells
            1. Cell Membrane
              1. Controls what comes in and out of the cell
              2. Nucleus
                1. Controls cell function and contains genetic information
                2. Mitochondria
                  1. Perform cellular respiration
                  2. Ribosomes
                    1. Perform protein synthesis
                    2. Cytoplasm
                      1. Site of most chemical processes, controlled by enzymes
                    3. Just plant cells
                      1. Cell wall
                        1. Adds additional support and structure to the cell
                        2. Vacuole
                          1. Contains cell sap - dissolved sugars and salts
                          2. Chloroplasts
                            1. Perform photosynthesis
                      2. Prokaryotes
                        1. Have no nucleus
                          1. Mostly bacteria
                            1. Flagella
                              1. Allow the cell to move
                              2. Plasmids
                                1. Smaller loops of DNA
                                2. Chromosome / DNA ring
                                  1. Larger loops of DNA
                                3. Magnification
                                  1. he number of times larger the image is than the real size of the object
                                    1. Magnification = Image height / Object height
                                      1. Resolution
                                        1. Smallest distance between two objects that can still be distinguished as different things
                                      2. Specialisation
                                        1. Cells specialise becuase they all have different functions and need to perform them as efficiently as possible
                                          1. The cell adapts to conform to the active DNA
                                          2. Stem Cell
                                            1. An undifferentiated cell that can specialise into other cell types, or produce more stem cells
                                              1. Can't always specialise beyond pre-birth growth
                                                1. Become only in bone marrow, making a few cells e.g. blood cells
                                            2. Microscopes
                                              1. Light
                                                1. Light is shone through the specimen
                                                  1. x2000 at max
                                                    1. Up to 200nm
                                                      1. Only large, nucleus, chloroplasts
                                                        1. Alive and needs little preparation
                                                2. Electron
                                                  1. Electrons are fired at the specimen
                                                    1. x50,000,000 at max
                                                      1. 0.1nm
                                                        1. Ribosomes, and within structures such as mitochondria
                                                          1. Must be dead, and requires lots of preparation
                                                  2. Source of image
                                                    1. Magnification
                                                      1. Resolution
                                                        1. Sub-cellular structures viewed
                                                          1. Specimen

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