Cyber-Security and Legislation

Cyber-Security and Legislation

1. Virus

   • A piece of code that copies itself and has a detrimental effect such as corrupting the system or destroying data. It can happen accidentally or maliciously.

2. Trojan Horse

   • It is a program that appears harmless but infact it is malicious. It is usually found in downloading games from untrusted sites. You download the game but it also downloads the trojan

3. Adware

   • Adware, often called advertising-supported software by its developers, is software that generates revenue by automatically displaying online advertisements in the user interface or on a screen presented during the installation process. In some cases, it can track online behavior to display personalized ads.

4. Worm

   • It can self replicate without human interaction and spread

5. Spyware

   • Spyware (a portmanteau for spying software) is any malware that aims to gather information about a person or organization and send it to another entity in a way that harms the user by violating their privacy, endangering their device's security, or other means.

6. Ransomware

   • A form of malware which encrypts a victims files. It is basically kidnapping your files and can only be given back if you pay them for it.

7. Botnet

   • A botnet is a group of Internet-connected devices, each of which runs one or more bots. Botnets can be used to perform distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, steal data,[1] send spam, and allow the attacker to access the device and its connection.

8. Key Loggers

   • Software that goes onto your computer and can log all of the keys you have used and can then can record passwords and important information often inplimented by a trojan

9. Baiting

   • The promise of cash or goods that people with malicious intent use to entice victims eg: offering free music or movie downloads to trick users into revealing their login credentials.

10. Phishing

    • The concept of sending emails saying that they are from reputable companies to incite people to reveal personal information.

11. Pretexting

    • The act of creating and inventing a scenario to engage a targeted victim in a manner that increases the chance they will divulge information or perform actions that would be unlikely in ordinary circumstances

12. Quid Pro Quo

    • Quid pro quo means ‘something for something’. Quid pro quo attacks, promise a benefit in exchange for information.

13. Social Engineering

    • In the context of information security, social engineering is the use of psychological pressure to influence people to perform actions or divulge confidential information. It has also been more broadly defined as "any act that influences a person to take an action that may or may not be in their best interests

14. Scareware

    • Builds on the user’s worry about malware and convinces them to download or buy malicious software. A common example is convincing people to buy/install fake anti-virus software. This usually increases when there have been recent report in the news of malware. Eg warning pop ups.

15. Shoulder Surfing

    • Involves an individual looking over your shoulder as you use a device in public. Eg using a laptop in a cafe or entering your PIN at a cash/contactless machine, or in really crowded places where people are close. It has also been done from a distance using binoculars.

16. Data Destruction

    • You may never be able to get any of the money back that you had previously and that may put you in a bad financial situation

17. Data Modification

    • They may make you pay more money into a different account that then is connected to them making you have to pay the wrong people and it isn’t actually going towards the thing it says

18. Denial Of Service

    • It may make your company lose a lot of customers and that will make you lose money maeaning that your business might have to shut down

19. Data Manipulation

    • This may make people do something by accident that may put the blame of a cyber attack on them and get them in trouble

20. Data Theft

    • This may make someone lose their data and it might get them in trouble / they might open bank accounts that then could be used to spend lots of your money

21. Identity Theft

    • This may make someone lose their identity and it might get them in trouble / they might open bank accounts that then could be used to spend lots of your money