UK to Spain Migration

UK to Spain Migration

1. British people started to move to Spain's coasts looking for a better way of life during the 1970s

   • This triggered a mass movement during the 1980s and 1990s and by 2010 there were almost a million Britons living in Spain

2. Britons were Spain's largest migrant group

3. Despite what is thought not all British in Spain are old or retired

4. There are around 761,000 Britons who live permanently in Spain

5. Total emigration reached 400,000 in 2008

6. Sun seekers

7. 60% are economically inactive

8. Population

   • 9.50% - 0-13 years
   • 4.90% - 15-24 years
   • 24.70% - 25-44 years
   • 39.40% - 45-64 years
   • 21.50% - 64+

9. Many immigrants live in 'urbanisacions' these are purpose built villas to house immigrants

   • La Marnia which was constructed in 1985

10. Costa Blanca

11. Valencia has a British population of 82,214

12. Andalusia has a British population of 63,472

13. Canary Islands have a British population of 24,742

14. Madrid has a British population of 6,650

15. South-East coast

16. 75% of emigrants in Costa Blanca moved after 2000

17. Spain joined the EU in 1986

18. EasyJet and Ryan air have made it easier for travel

19. Pull Factors

    • Housing is cheaper
    • Job opportunities
    • Better weather
    • Relaxed lifestyle
    • Disposable income
    • Receive same pensions and pay lower taxes
    • Slower pace of life
    • Receive free health care if they are from the EU
    • Expatriate society
    • Low cost airlines
    • Recreational activities available
    • Work or business connections may already exist there
    • Tourism has increased awareness of the destination

20. Push Factors

    • Rising crime
    • Bad weather
    • Declining respect
    • Expensive housing
    • High taxation
    • Lack of space
    • Congesion
    • Low environmental quality

21. UK pound value has fallen leading to many migrants moving back

22. Spanish are saying that Brit's are placing an unbearable burden on limited medical resources

23. British Children are finding it hard to mix in

24. Impacts of Migration

    • Source (UK)
      • Costs
        • Family break ups
        • Loss of potential childcare
        • Loss of highly experienced work force
        • Grey pound is spent overseas
        • Less people paying taxes
        • Leaves empty homes
        • Less law abiding citizens
      • Benefits
        • Decrease aging population
        • Reduces net migration
        • Less stress on health care
        • Reduces dependency ratio
        • Less pressure on NHS
        • Relieves pressure for new homes
        • Less demand on resources
        • Less people emitting C02 in the local area
    • Host (Spain)
      • Costs
        • Emigrant 'ghettos' are created
        • Little social and cultural interaction
        • Resentment may grow as immigrants seek to enter local politics
        • House prices exceed the buying power of local people
        • Increased net migration
        • Health care costs
        • Large scale villa development has ruined coastal landscape
        • Biodiversity degraded
        • Water supplies are strained in semi-arid areas
        • Localised pollution rising
        • Flood risk rises as urban development occurs
      • Benefits
        • Opportunity for cultures to mix
        • Increased spending in local economy
        • Some retirees are affluent
        • Job creation in construction, retail, legal and health services
        • Areas which are largely unproductive scrub land become valuable to build on
        • Some costs are borne by the UK