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Chapter 14- BIOL 151
Descripción
Ch 14 mindmap for SCSU BIOL 151
Sin etiquetas
dna replication
dna structure
prokaryotic replication
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Thomas Marcroft
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Thomas Marcroft
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Resumen del Recurso
Chapter 14- BIOL 151
Nature of Genetic Material
3 Major Experiments
Griffith-1928: Working with S and R type pneumonia causing bacteria
Avery, MacLeod, McCarty-1944: Expanded Griffith's experiment, removed other material. showed that DNA transfer caused changes
Hershey & Chase- 1952: Experiments with bacteriophages and tagging with isotopes
DNA Structure
3 Main Parts
Phosphate Group (attached to 5' end)
5-Carbon Sugar
Nitrogenous Base
Purines
Guanine
Adenine
Pyramidines
Thymine
Uracil in RNA
Cytosine
Watson, Crick, Franklin responsible for discovering Helix/Double-Helix structure.
DNA Replication
Semiconservative Method: Each daughter strand contains one new copied strand and one strand from parent.
Proved with Messelson-Stahl Experiment
New strand built from 5' to 3' end (reads parent strand 3' to 5')
Begins at "replicon". Several A-T bonds which are weaker
"origin of replication"
DNA gyrase prevents supercoiling
a topoisomerase
helicase separates the double-helix into two strands
SSB proteins bind to single strand to prevent reaction wit surroundings
DNA Primase creates primer for attachment of DNA Polymerase
DNA Primase is an RNA polymerase because it makes RNA
Lagging Strand
Requires several primers and is written in fragments
Ozakai Fragments
Stitched together with DNA ligase
"Semidiscontinuous"
Leading Strand
3 Types of DNA Polymerase
Pol III does most of the replication
Beta-clamps keep Pol II attached to strand
Pol I removes RNA Primers and writes in DNA
Pol I repairs
Full organelle is the "Replisome
These two together are called the "primosome"
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