computer science mind map

computer science mind map

1. units

   • A bit is short for binary digit and is a small piece of data that can be in a computer or device.
   • Nibble is a set of four bits, seems there are 8 bits in byte, its half a byte.
   • Byte which is made up of eight bits, bytes is used to measure data also in a device.
   • Kilobyte also used to measure data, a kilobyte is 1000 bytes. this is the smallest measurement after the byte.
   • Megabyte is 1million bytes and is used to measure large files.
   • Gigabyte is 1 billion bytes which is used to measure RAM.
   • Terabyte is 1 trillion bytes and used to measure large storage capacities.

2. number

   • converting denary whole numbers to 8 bit
     • The decimal (base ten) numeral system has ten possible values (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, or 9) for each place-value. In contrast, the binary (base two) numeral system has two possible values represented as 0 or 1 for each place-value. Since the binary system is the internal language of electronic computers, serious computer programmers should understand how to convert from decimal to binary.
   • adding 2 8 bit binary intergers
     • The binary number system works similarly to the base 10 decimal system we are used to using, except that it is a base 2 system consisting of only two digits, 1 and 0. The binary numbers system is the basis of computer functionality. Essentially binary code uses 1s and 0s to turn certain processes off or on. Binary numbers can be added just as decimal numbers, and while the process is familiar, adjusting to the base 2 system can make it a confusing endeavor. It is helpful, then, to have a complete understanding of how place value works in the binary number system before attempting to add binary numbers.
   • convert binary to hexadecimal
     • by having any binary number like 0101 would be the number for hexadecimal is 5

3. Character

   • use of binary to represent characters
     • binary is used to replace words and characters in a computer as its easier for the computer to read instructions that are inputted into the computer and then the binary is converted to normal words and characters for humans to read.
   • character set
     • A character is any letter, number, space, punctuation mark, or symbol that can be typed on a computer. The word "computer," for example, consists of eight characters. The phrase "Hi there." takes up nine characters. Each character requires one byte of space, so "computer" takes up 8 bytes.

4. Images

   • an image is a series of pixels that are counted as bytes and this how the computer can store the picture as it counts the bytes and if its a large picture with a high resolution it will be higher in storage and if it was a small picture with low resolution it will be less memory
   • metadata is useful as its keeps the colour, width, and height without using loads of data

5. sound

   • sound can be sampled by using bits which takes sample of the song or theme tune and will be kept in bits and is sampled by the wave height and legnth

6. Instructions

   • instructions are coded as bit and are passed through the RAM a and then to the CPU so the computer knows what to do.