Kibera

Kibera

1. Reasons for slum development

   • Rural-Urban Migration
     • More job opportunities and better pay.
     • Declining agricultural productivity and droughts in rural areas.
     • Better services and improved levels of education and qualifications.
     • Fast growing rural population- creating pressure on farm resources.

2. Management: KENSUP

   • KENSUP
     • Initiated in 2001 by the Government of Kenya, UN-HABITAT and Cities Alliance.
     • Estimated cost is 884 billion Kenyan shillings (13 billion US Dollars)
     • The Kenya Slum Upgrading Programme is a poverty Programme aimed at addressing the challenge of housing problems in the majority of the urban population who live in slums and informal settlements.
     • Aims to improve:
       • Community mobilisation, organisation and participation.
       • Shelter improvement and provision of physical and social amenities.
       • environment and solid waste management
       • employment and income generating activities.
       • HIV and AIDS concerns
       • conflict prevention and management
       • support to vulnerable and disadvantaged groups
       • Liaison with micro financing and credit system
   • Advantages
     • Secure tenure
     • basic human needs are met- clean running water, basic services, sanitation, etc.
     • Rent is made more affordable ($10 per month)
     • New communities will include schools, markets and playgrounds, etc.
   • Disadvantages
     • It only rehoused 7,500 people in 5 years which is a small minority of the slum population.
     • The project didn't consult the local people before development which may cause conflict.
       • Also, families weren't given notice before clearance.
     • No compensation was given to land and home owners in Kibera.

3. Kibera

   • A shanty settlement in Nairobi, Kenya, 6km South from the city's centre.
   • The largest slum in Africa and the world.
   • It holds 1 million slum dwellers and 60% of Nairobi's population of 2.8 million but only occupies 6% of land in Nairobi.
     • 50%of Kiberans are under the age of 15.
     • more than 15% have HIV or AIDS.
     • 80% of youths are unemployed
   • Life expectancy of 46 years old.
   • Conditions are extremely poor with a lack of basic services, running water and permanent housing.
   • Much of its southern border is bounded by the Nairobi river and the Nairobi Dam, an artificial lake that provides drinking water to the residents of the city. Kibera is divided into 13 villages.