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8231027
Human defence system
Descripción
mind map human defence
Sin etiquetas
biology
leaving certificate
Mapa Mental por
Jane O'Connell
, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por
Jane O'Connell
hace alrededor de 7 años
79
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Resumen del Recurso
Human defence system
Immunity=the ability to resist infection
General defence system acts as a barrier to all pathogens
First line of defence: skin, clotting,lysozyme, mucus, cilia, acid, beneficial bacteria
Second line of general defence: Phagocytic white blood cells
Large phagocytes are called macrophages - they surround and ingest pathogens
Defence proteins: COMPLEMENT (destroys viruses) AND INTERFERON (prevent viral multiplication)
Inflammation - brings white blood cells to area and causes fever
Specific defence system attacks particular pathogens
Monocytes
Nota:
m
Production of antibodies by Lymphocytes
An antibody is a protein produced by white blood cells in response to a specific antigen
An antigen is a foreign molecule that stimulates the production of antibodies
What is induced immunity?
The ability to resist disease caused by specific pathogens by the production of antibodies
Active Immunity - the production of a person's own antibodies in response to foreigh antigens that enter the body
Natural active immunity e.g. getting chickenpox
Artificial active immunity is when a pathogen is medically introduced into the body -VACCINATION
A vaccine is a non disease-causing dose of a pathogen or its toxin which triggers the production of antibodies
Passive Immunity
When individuals are given antibodies that were formed by another organism
Natural passive immunity: child gets antibodies from mother across placenta or from breast milk
Artificial passive immunity is when a person is given an injection containing antibodies made by another organism e.g. anti-tetanus injection
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