Separating Mixtures

Separating Mixtures

1. Methods of Separation

   • Filtration
     • It separates insoluble solids from liquids
       • It can either use a net or a filtration paper
         • Solids will stay behind the net and the liquid will pass through it.
           • Soluble solids can't use this method
             • E.g: We use this to separate the mint leaves from our water.
   • Evaporation
     • It separates liquids from solids too
       • We put the mixture under heat
         • The liquids will evaporate and the solids will remain
           • The liquids become gas. (Vaporation)
   • Distilation
     • Same as evaporation
       • The only exception is that we keep the vapor
         • We'll then use the liquid in form of gas
           • It uses the different boiling points
   • Centrifugation
     • Some material weight more than others
       • This is how we separate these

2. To Heterogeneous mixtures we use:

   • Solid-Liquid: Filtration, Sedimentation, Centrifugation Solid-Solid: Magnetic separation and sieving Liquid-Liquid: Decantation
     • To the homogeneous we use:
       • Solid-Solid: Crystallization, Evaporation Liquid-Liquid: Distillation and Decantation
     • The DECANTATION is based on the densities of substances (Oil and Water)
     • The SUBLIMATION is when the solid goes to gas without passing to the liquid phase
       • SEDIMENTATION is when liquid and solid separate because of gravity
         • MAGNETIC is when solids are separated because of magnetic properties
           • SIEVING is to separate things from different sizes

3. Paulina Ulaje Hernández A01067045 15/08/2017