Conversation and Preference Structure

Conversation and Preference Structure

1. Interaction

   • Experiences in which there is exchange of talk, which varies according to contexts of interaction.
     • Basic pattern: I speak - You speak - I speak - You speak.

2. Conversation Analysis

   • Study of social interaction, verbal and non-vebal, daily situations.
     • Floor: Right to speak in a conversation.
       • Floor-holding devices: There are three points I'd like to make, um, uh.
     • When you can speak, the person speaking has the turn.
     • Turn-taking: Shift between speakers.
     • Local Management System: Form of social interaction known by a social group. Conventions for setting turns.
   • Transition Relevant Place: Chance to alternate the turn.
     • TRP Markers: End of a structural unit.

3. Nomal conversations: 2+ Participants, 1 speaking at a time, smooth transitions.

4. Overlap: Long silence between turns. No flow or rhythm for transitions. Can be positive or negative.

5. Hesitation: Short pauses, smooth transitions. Normal.

6. Attributable silence: If someone has the floor but doesn't speak. Silence acquires meaning.

7. Backchannels signals: Linguistic or non-linguistic expressions to show that listener is involved in the conversation.

8. Conversational Style

   • High Involvement Style: Active participation, fast speaking rate, no pausing between turns (sometimes negative), some overlap and completion of the others' turn.
   • High Considerateness Style: Slower rate, expected lower pauses, no overlaps.
   • Preference Structures: Most frequent or expected response.
     • Expected or unexpected (unpreferred) responses.

9. Adjacency Pairs

   • Automatic Sequences.
     • 1st Part
       • Insertion sequence: When patterns or sequences are broken. Adding another pair within the first pair.
     • 2nd Part