SIMPLE TENSES

SIMPLE TENSES

1. FUTURE

   • SIMPLE(WILL)
     • STRUCTURE
       • NEGATIVE: SUB + WON´T + VERB + OBJECT
       • INTERROGATIVE: WILL + SUB + VERB + OBJECT + ?
       • AFFIRMATIVE: SUB + WILL + VERB + OBJECT
     • EXAMPLE: I will help you on Saturday
     • USES
       • OFFERS
       • PROMISES
       • RESQUET
       • IMMEDIATE DECISIONS
         • The same structure as the present continuous
           • EXAMPLE: What are you doing on Sunday afternoon?
           • PLANS
           • FUTURE EVENTS
   • CONTINUOUS
     • USES
       • A POLITE WAY OF ASKING PLANS
       • ACTION THAT´S PART OF AN ARRANGEMENT
     • STRUCTURE
       • INTERROGATIVE: WILL + SUB + BE + VERB + -ING + SUBJECT + ?
       • AFFIRMATIVE: SUB + WILL + BE + VERB + -ING + OBJECT
       • NEGATIVE: SUB + WON´T + BE + VERB + -ING + OBJECT
     • EXAMPLE: He will be coming to the meeting, I expect
   • GOING TO
     • STRUCTURE
       • NEGATIVE: SUB + AM NOT , ISN´T or AREN´T + GOING TO + VERB + OBJECT
       • AFFIRMATIVE: SUB + AM , IS or ARE + GOING TO + VERB + OBJECT
       • INTERROGATIVE: AM, IS or ARE + SUB + GOING TO + VERB + OBJECT + ?
     • EXAMPLE: We are going to go to the mountains
     • USES
       • PLANS
       • PREDITIONS FOR EVIDENCE
       • INTENTIONS
   • PERFECT
     • SIMPLE
       • EXAMPLE: Will you have eaten before we meet?
       • STRUCTURE
         • AFFIRMATIVE. SUB + WILL HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE + OBJECT
         • NEGATTIVE: SUB + WON´T + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE + OBJECT
         • INTERROGATIVE: WILL + SUB + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE + OBJECT + ?
       • USES
         • COMPLETED BEFORE A TIME IN THE FUTURE
         • FINISH VERBS
         • SOMETHING IS TAKEN FOR GRANTED
     • CONTINUOUS
       • EXAMPLE: Karen is going to have worked for 50 years by the time she retires
       • STRUCTURE
         • AFFIRMATIVE: SUB + AM, IS or ARE + GOING TO HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE + OBJECT
         • NEGATIVE: SUB + AM NOT , ISN´T or AREN´T + GOING TO HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE + OBJECT
         • INTERROGATIVE: AM, IS or ARE + SUB + GOING TO HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE + OBJECT + ?
       • USES
         • BEFORE A TIME IN THE FUTURE
         • CONTINULTY VERBS
   • PRESENT WITH FUTURE MEANING
     • SIMPLE
       • The same structure as the present simple
         • EXAMPLE: The plane arrives at 18:00 tomorrow
           • USES
             • FIXED PLANS
             • PROGRAMMES
             • TIMETABLES
             • SCHEDULES
     • CONTINUOUS
       • The same structure as the present continuous
         • EXAMPLE: Is she seeing him tomorrow ?
           • USES
             • ARRAGEMENTS
             • PLANS ALREADY DECIDED IN A NEAR FUTURE

2. PAST

   • SIMPLE
     • STRUCTURE
       • NEGATIVE: SUB + DIDN´T + VERB + OBJECT
       • INTERROGATIVE: DID + SUB + VERB + OBJECT + ?
       • AFFIRMATIVE: SUB + PAST VERB + OBJECT
     • EXAMPLE: Columbus discovered America in 1492
     • USES
       • FINISHED ACTIONS IN THE PAST
       • SERIES OF COMPLETED ACTIONS IN THE PAST
       • INTERRUPT AN ACTION WHICH WAS IN PROGRESS IN THE PAST
   • CONTUNUOUS
     • STRUCTURE
       • AFFIRMATIVE: SUB + WERE/WAS (HE,SHE,IT) + VERB + -ING + OBJECT
       • NEGATIVE: SUB + WEREN´T/WASN´T (HE,SHE,IT) + VERB + -ING + OBJECT
       • INTERROGATIVE: WERE/WAS(HE,SHE,IT) + VERB + -ING + OBJECT + ?
     • EXAMPLE: The bird was singing
     • USES
       • EXPRESS A CHANGE OF MIND
       • DESCRIBE THE BACKGROUND IN A STORY
       • UNFINISHED ACTIONS THAT WAS INTERRUPTED BY ANOTHER EVENT
   • PERFECT
     • SIMPLE
       • EXAMPLE: She hadn´t slept the night before
       • STRUCTURE
         • AFFIRMATIVE: SUB+ HAD + PARTICIPLE VERB + OBJECT
         • NEGATIVE: SUB + HADN´T + PARTICIPLE VERB + OBJECT
         • INTERROGATIVE: HAD + SUB + PARTICIPLE VERB + OBJECT + ?
       • USES
         • SOMETHING THAT FINISHED JUST BEFORE ANOTHER EVENT IN THE PAST
         • BEFORE ANOTHER ACTION IN THE PAST IS A GOOD WAY TO SHOW CAUSE AND EFFECT
     • CONTINUOUS
       • EXAMPLE: He had been eaten sweets all morning
       • STRUCTURE
         • AFFIRMATIVE: SUB + HAD + BEEN + VERB + -ING + OBJECT
         • NEGATIVE: SUB + HADN´T + BEEN + VERB + -ING + OBJECT
         • INTERROGATIVE: HAD + SUB + BEEN + VERB + -ING + OBJECT + ?
       • USES
         • SOMETHING THAT STARTED IN THE PAST AND CONTINUED UP TO ANOTHER ACTION OR TIME IN THE PAST
         • A FINISHED ACTION BEFORE A SECOND POINT IN THE PAST
         • IMAGINARY THING IN THE PAST

3. PRESENT

   • CONTINUOUS
     • STRUCTURE:
       • AFFIRMATIVE: SUB + AM (I) , IS(HE,SHE,IT) or ARE + VERB + -ING + OBJECT
       • INTERROGATIVE: AM(I) ,IS(HE,SHE,IT) or ARE + SUB + VERB + -ING + SUBJECT + ?
       • NEGATIVE: SUB + AM NOT (I), ISN´T(HE,SHE,IT) or AREN´T + VERB + -ING + SUBJECT
     • EXAMPLE: You aren´t playing football .
     • USES
       • ACTIONS AT THE MOMENT
       • TEMPORARY ACTIONS
       • DESCRIBING A CURRENT ACTIONS
       • THINGS THAT WILL CHANGE
   • SIMPLE
     • STRUCTURE:
       • NEGATIVE: SUB+DON´T/DOESN´T(HE,SHE,IT) + VERB +OBJECT
       • AFIRMATIVE: SUB+VERB(INFINITIVE) or VERB+ -S/-ES for HE,SHE,IT +OBJECT
       • INTERROGATIVE: DO/DOES(HE,SHE,IT) + SUB +OBJECT + ?
     • EXAMPLE: She lives in a village
     • USES
       • HABITUAL ACTIONS
       • DESCRIBING YOURSELF
       • THINGS THAT DON´T CHANGE
       • FACTS
   • PERFECT
     • SIMPLE
       • EXAMPLE: I have eaten moussaka
       • STRUCTURE
         • AFFIRMATIVE: SUB + HAVE/HAS (HE,SHE,IT) + PARTICIPLE VERB + OBJECT
         • NEGATIVE: SUB + HAVEN´T/HASN´T (HE,SHE,IT) + PARTICIPLE VERB + OBJECT
         • INTERROGATIVE: HAVE/HAS(HE,SHE,IT) + SUB + PARTICIPLE VERB + OBJECT + ?
       • USES
         • UNFINISHED ACTIONS OR TIME WORD
         • RECENT PRESENT
         • FINISHED ACTION WITH A RESULT IN THE PRESENT
         • LIFE EXPERIENCE
     • CONTINUOUS
       • EXAMPLE: He has been listening the same music all night
       • STRUCTURE
         • AFFIRMATIVE: SUB + HAVE/HAS + BEEN + VERB + -ING + OBJECT
         • INTERROGATIVE: HAVE/HAS + SUB + BEEN + VERB + -ING + OBJECT + ?
         • NEGATIVE: SUB + HAVEN´T/HASN´T + BEEN + VERB + -ING + OBJECT
       • USES
         • TEMPORY HABITS OR SITUATIONS
         • ACTIONS WHICH HAVE RECENTLY STOPPED
         • UNFINISHED ACTIONS

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