Unida 2 de G e H

Unida 2 de G e H

1. Geografía e Historia

   • The first historical civilisations
     • The river civilisations
       • 5.000 years ago
       • They grew up along the fertile banks of some of the largest rivers on Earth
         • This allowed an irrigation-based on agriculture that increased food production, allowed a rise in population and the development of cities
       • The most important river civilisations
         • Mesopotamian
           • Between the Tigris and the Euphrates
         • Egyptian
           • In the Nile valley
         • Indian
           • Along the Indus and Ganges rivers
         • Chinese
           • In the the Huang He river, also know as the Yellow River
       • Irrigation-based on agriculture
         • Was the bases of the river civilisations economy
         • The land belonged to the palace or temple, and it was leased to the peasants
         • The grew...
           • Cereal crops
           • Vegetables
           • ...
         • They cultivated...
           • Linen and Cotton
           • Bread animals ...
             • Sheep
             • Goats
             • Pigs
             • Oxen
       • Did not use money
         • They bartered or used sheets of silver
         • (Only the Persians used the money at the end of the Mesopotamian history)
     • The Mesopotamian civilisations
       • The Mesopotamian territories
         • Was located between the rivers Tigris and Euphrates
           • Both rivers flow from the mountainous region in Armenia to the sea in the Persian Gulf
           • They flow in pararell for a large part of their course
           • Their volume increases during Spring, the water overflow their banks and fertilise the lands with their mud or slit
         • The territory of Mesopotamia Is usually divided into two regions
           • Lower Mesopotamia (South)
           • Upper Mesopotamia (North)
       • Mesopotamian history
         • The land of Mesopotamia were occupied by various peoples...
           • The Sumerians
             • Form the first historical civilisations
             • We don't know where they come from
             • They settled in Lower Mesopotamia around 3.500 BC
             • They developed independent city-states
               • Ur
               • Uruk
                 • And rivalries often developed between them
               • Lagash
                 • Each city was independent
           • The Akkadians
             • Between the 22 and 24 centuries BC
               • Invaded the Sumerian cities
               • And form a large empire
             • The most important emperor war Sargon 1
               • Who unified the territory and built the capital of the empired, called Akkad
           • The Babylonians
           • The Assyrians
           • The Persians (The most important ones)
       • Mesopotamian rulers
       • Mesopotamian society
       • Mesopotamian culture