Mineral Tox Summary

Mineral Tox Summary

1. Copper

   • Acute
     • GI tract
       • Emesis, diarrhea, dehydration
   • Chronic
     • Liver (phase I) Blood (phase II)
       • icterus, increase liver enzymes in blood, hemoglobinemia, hemoglobinurea
       • Hemolytic anemia
     • Sheep
     • Low Mo

2. Selenium

   • Acute
     • Nervous system, Respiratory, GI
       • Incoordination, depression, anorexia, cyanosis, labored breathing, rales, colic, diarrhea
   • Subacute
     • Nervous
       • Paresis, paralysis (pig)
   • Chronic
     • Replaces S
     • Dermal, Reproductive
       • Rough coat, alopecia, abnormal hooves/horns, teratogenic, infertility, abortions

3. Zinc

   • Acute/subacute
     • GI, kidney, pancreas, liver blood cells, joints
       • pancreatic acinar cell necrosis
       • anorexia, vomiting, PU/PD, icterus, anemia, acute renal failure, pancreatitis, arthritis
   • Chronic (foals)
     • Joints, hematopoietic
       • epiphyseal swelling, lameness
   • Chronic (livestock)
     • GI, nervous
       • failure to gain, anorexia, diarrhea, PU/PD, decrease milk production, seizures
   • Hemolytic anemia

4. Lead

   • Subacute, chronic
     • Nervous, GI, Hematopoietic
       • Encephalopathy, anorexia, anemia
   • excreted in milk
   • Test in whole blood, not serum