2.4 Computational Logic

2.4 Computational Logic

1. Binary is the representation of the 'presence of electricity'

   • If present or 'on' we use a: 1
   • If absent or 'off we use a: 0

2. Transistor - Component that allows us to use electrical pulses in a computer

3. Logic Gates

   • Takes binary inputs and converts them to an output
   • AND Gates
     • The output will only occur if both inputs are 1
     • Can be written as (A ^ B)
   • OR Gates
     • The output can occur if only one of the inputs are 1
     • Can be written as (A V B)
   • NOT Gates
     • The output is the opposite of the input (inverts it)
     • Can be written as (¬ A)
     • Can only have 1 input

4. Truth Tables

   • Output of Logic Gates can be shown through a truth table
   • All possible outputs of a Logic Gate can be found using a Truth Table
   • Number of rows = 2 ^ number of inputs

5. Bit - Smallest unit of data in a computer (Usually either 0 or 1)

   • Nibble - 4 bits/half a byte
     • Byte - 8 bits

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