Mapa mental

PVD

Rama Ibrahim Inglés

Contenido del mapa

PVD

Risk factors
- Smoking
- Diabetes
- Obesity
- Hypertension
- Hyperlipidemia
- Age
- Family history
- High homocysteine protein
Causes
- Atherosclerosis
- Blood vessel inflammation
- Injury to limbs
- Anomalies
- Radiation exposure
Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis
Signs and symptoms
- Intermittent claudication in calf
- Changes in skin
- Diminished pulse in lower limbs
- Gangrene
- Impotence
- Non-healing wounds over pressure points
- Numbness
- Pain
- Pallor when legs are elevated
Diagnosis of PVD
- Medical history
- Physical examination
  - Ankle brachial pressure index
- Blood lipid profile
- Doppler ultrasound flow studies
- CT scan
- Angiogram
- MRI
- Treadmill exercise test
- Pulse volume recording waveform analysis
Complications
- Amputation
- Poor wound healing
- Restricted mobility due to pain or discomfort
- Severe pain
- Stroke
- Heart attack
Prognosis
- Very poor long term prognosis
- Increase 10 year mortality 15 times higher
Treatment
- Antihyperlipidemic drug
- ACE inhibitors
- Diuretics
- Beta blockers
- Calcium channel blockers
- Stenting