Communicative Language Teaching Today

Communicative Language Teaching Today

1. The Background to CLT

   • Phase 1: Traditional Approaches
     • Grammatical competence
       • direct instruction
       • a deductive approach
       • repetitive practice and drilling
   • Phase 2: Classic Communicative Language Teaching
     • Communicative competence
       • Learning purposes
       • Setting
       • Social role
       • communicative events
       • language functions
       • discourse and rhetorical skills
       • notions
       • grammatical content
       • variety
       • lexical content
       • Proposals for a Communicative Syllabus
         • A skills-based syllabus
         • A functional syllabus
       • the ESP movement.

2. What is it?

   • Its goal
     • Being able to use the language for meaningful communication
   • How Learners Learn a Language
     • Negotiation of meaning, attending to the feedback and experimenting with different ways of saying things
   • Kinds of Classroom Activities
     • Pair and group work activities
   • The Roles of Teachers and Learners in the Classroom
     • Teacher as facilitator and monitor

3. Classroom Activities in CLT

   • Fluency activities
     • meaningful use of language
   • Practice
     • Mechanical
       • controlled practice activity
     • Meaningful
       • language control and meaningful choices
     • Communicative
       • real communicative context

4. Current Trends in CLT

   • Learner autonomy
   • The social nature of learning
   • Curricular integration
   • Focus on meaning
   • Diversity
   • Thinking skills
   • Alternative assessment
   • Teachers as co-learners

5. Process-Based CLT Approaches

   • Content-Based Instruction
     • It stresses that the content or subject matter of teaching drives the whole language learning process
   • Task-Based Instruction

6. Product-Based CLT Approaches

   • Text-Based Instruction
     • It sees communicative competence as involving the mastery of different types of texts
   • Competency-Based Instruction
     • It seeks to teach students the basic skills they need in order to prepare them for situations they commonly encounter in everyday life

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