Advanced English I

Advanced English I

1. Narrative Paragraph

   • Narrative Tenses
     • Past Continous
       • Used to describe an activity in situation in progress in the past.
     • Past Perfect
       • Describes the earlier past
     • Used to / would
       • Used to talk about actions that continued for some time in the past, not events which happened suddenly or just for a moment
   • Connecting words for Narration
   • Point of view
     • The eye the writer uses to describe the events of a story (1st or 3rd)

2. Paragraph

   • Definition
     • A group of sentences that expresses one thought
   • Structure
     • Introduction
       • Topic Sentence (Main Idea)
         • T.S.: Topic+Controlling Idea
           • Topic= needs to be specific enough
     • Body
       • Supporting Sentences
         • Make sure to develop main ideas, details, examples, explanations, etc.
     • Conclusion
       • Concluding Sentence
         • Is the restatement of the main idea
   • Characteristics
     • Unity
       • All sentences are related
     • Coherence
       • Organization of ideas
     • Cohesion
       • Use of connecting words

3. Connecting Words

   • Used to connect phrases, sentences, fragments, etc.
   • Transition Words
     • Of emphasis, addition, contrast, and order.
   • Subordinators
     • Introduce subordinate or dependent clauses.
   • Coordianting Conjuctions
     • FANBOYS (For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So)

4. The Writing Process

   • Pre-Writing
     • Techniques
       • Brainstorming, Free Writing, Clustering, Listing, etc.
     • Steps
       • 1.- Get Ideas 2.- Narrow topic 3.- Elaborate controlling idea 4.- Choose support 5.- Organize (outline's here)
   • Drafting
     • -Putting ideas together -Develop ideas -Connect ideas
   • Revising/ Editing
     • ARMS
       • Add Remove Move Substitute
     • COPS
       • Capitals Order/Grammar Punctuation Spelling
     • Check for UCC
       • Unity, Coherence, Cohesion

5. Dependent and Independent Clauses

   • Dependent
     • -Expresses a complete thought -Stands as a complete sentence
   • Independent
     • -It doesn't expresses a complete thought.  -Clause Marker= Subordinating Conjuction

6. Run-Ons, Comma Splices, and Fragments

   • Run-Ons
     • Doesn't distinct a pause between thoughts.
   • Comma Splices
     • Two complete sentences joined by a comma.
   • Fragments
     • Group of words that doesn't expresses a complete thought.