INFORMATION VS. DATA

INFORMATION VS. DATA

1. INFORMATION

   • The result of processing and organizing data to give it
     • Meaning
     • Context
     • Relevance
   • Data with value
     • Because it has been interpreted, contextualized and organized
       • Data comes from studies, investigations, news, etc.
   • Knowledge gained through study, research or instructions
     • Based on organized and analyzed data
     • 6 types of information
       • Conceptual (Ideas, theories, hypotheses, etc.)
       • Procedural (How to, technique, etc.)
       • Policy (decision-making.)
       • Stimulatory (Creates response.)
       • Empirical (Senses.)
       • Directive (Descriptive.)
   • Provides important resources to acquire full knowledge, helps
     • Answering questions
     • Making decisions
     • Solving problems
     • Communicating
     • Guides with important statistical decisions, especially in business industries
   • Examples
     • Weather statistics that include temperature, precipitation probability, and wind speed in Colombia during 2023, that help plan outside activities.
     • A medical report with patient's diagnosis, treatment plan, and medication instructions.

2. DATA

   • Refers to raw and unprocessed
     • Facts (Ex. "40°")
     • Images
     • Numbers("4")
     • Statistics ("5.0, 4.0, 3.0")
     • Symbols ("/")
     • Text
     • Audio
     • That have no meaning on their own
   • Can be collected from
     • Transactions
     • Surveys
     • Sensors
   • Individual pieces of text, audio, numbers, etc
     • Without any context or information
     • It's neutral
     • Without value or significance
     • Dependent on context
       • Data can be "4", but this can refer to
         • Age
         • A math answer
         • # of siblings
         • Time
         • Test score
   • Is the basic building block for information
     • It can be store in databases for future use
     • Foundation for research and analysis
       • Data is a valuable resource that informs of useful elements for decision-making, problem-solving, and innovation
   • Examples
     • "11 a.m." can be the opening time of a museum, but also the departure time of a plane.
     • "4 7 10 13" can be a math sequence, a series of important quality statistics or a simple password.
     • "Santos" is the last name of Colombia's ex-president or a Spanish word that refers to saint people
     • Qualitative
     • Quantitative

3. "Data are the bricks, then information is the house."

4. Data: "A", while Information: "He got the grade A on his English test"

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