PHONETICS AND PHONOLOGY

PHONETICS AND PHONOLOGY

1. PHONETIC

   • Is
     • The study of spoken language sounds.
       • its nature
       • their combinations
       • Their lenguage functions
   • Branches of the phonetics
     • experimental
       • Study oral sounds from a physical point of view.
         • It gathers data and quantifies them on the emission and production of sound waves that make up the articulated sound.
     • Articulatory
       • It studies language sounds from a physiological point of view.
         • the mouth, nose, or throat, make different sounds.
         • It has fixed organs and mobile organs.
           • The mobiles are: lips, jaw, tongue and vocal cords, these are called articulatory organs
           • The fixed organs are: the teeth, the alveoli, the hard palate and the soft palate. Sounds occur when two articulatory organs come into contact.
     • Phonemetic.
       • Study of sounds in speech.
     • Acoustic phonetics
       • Study the sound wave as the output of any resonator

2. PHONOLOGY

   • Study the phonic systems of languages.
     • It is possible to recognize those that represent the 'same' sound, although the ways of pronouncing it are different from the acoustic point of view.
   • Vocal
     • Received
     • Pronunciation (RP)
     • General American (GA)
   • Vocal Distinctions of American English
     • The tension of æ
       • has a longer, closed and usually diptongad pronunciation
     • The cot-caught fusion
       • is a mutation of sound
     • Retention of rhotic vowels
       • the phoneme is maintained [ɹ]
         • [biɚ, pʰʊɚ, ˈfaɪɚ, bɑɹn].
     • Phonological analysis
       • It starts from the idea that the number of sounds in a language (allophones) is usually greater than the minimum number of abstract units (phonemes) needed to account for those sounds.
       • 5 short monoptongos /i, ə, a, o, u/.
       • 4 or 5 long monoptongos /i: ə: (a: ), o: u: /.
       • 4 or 5 long monoptongos /i: ə: (a: ), o: u: /.
       • 8 short monoptongos /ɪ, ɛ, æ, ɜ, ə, ʌ, ɒ, ʊ/ 4 long monoptongos (long vowels "pure") /i: ɑ: ɔ: u: / 8 diptongos ("vocales largas impuras") /eɪ, aɪ, ɔɪ; oʊ, aʊ; ɪə, ɛə, juː, ʊə/.