HEART

HEART

1. Venous Insufficiency

   • PAIN: Heaviness of legs,aching sensation in legs worsen when standing or sitting for a long period of time.
     • Skin appearance in lower extremities: Varicose veins which can be hereditary but also develop due to increased venous pressure and venous pooling. The skin is warm because Arteries are working (that means oxygenated blood is being delivered), in this case blood isn't being sent back so we have edema and also can be seen are brown pigmentation around the ankles (a reddish-blue color can be seen also) . Skin thickened and tough.
       • Ulcer Characteristics: Location- medical malleolus or anterior tibial area. Pain- If superficial, minimal pain; but may be very painful. Depth- Superficial. Shape- Irregular border. Ulcer Base- Granulation tissue, beefy red to yellow fibinous in chronic long-term ulcer. Leg edema- moderate to sever
         • Circulatory Characteristics: Pulse- present because it not the arteries here that are the problem its the veins (which carry the pulse). Temperature- Increase in skin temperature in lower area of the body. Edema is present since the blood isn't being delivered back to the heart.

2. Arterial Insufficiency

   • PAIN: Intermitted claudication which is a tight, aching, squeezing pain in the calf muscles . MOVEMENT makes it worst, and resting makes it better. To simplify this the more we move our muscle, the more oxygen we need; in this case we aren't getting the oxygen therefore
     • Skin Appearance in lower extremities: Pale, clammy skin, thin, shiny skin, and loss of hair. Nails thickended and ridged
       • Ulcer Characteristics: Location- tips of toes, toe webs, heel or other pressure areas if confined to bed. Pain- Very painful. Depth of ulcer - Deep, often invoving join space. Shape - Circular. Ulcer base- Pale black to dry and gangrene. Leg edema- minimal unless ex
         • Circulatory Chracteristics: Pulse- deminished or absent, temperature- cool to cold, edema is not common that more a venous insufficiency problem. Elevation pallor of food, and Rubor when dangling.

Imágenes y archivos del mapa