Microprocessors

Microprocessors

1. It is an integrated circuit that is a fundamental part of a CPU or central processing unit in a computer

   • The microprocessors use the same logic that is used by the Central Processing Unit (CPU) of a digital computer, they work by executing very simple logical operations such as adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing
     • The microprocessor of a computer is its brain, since it is in charge of processing and executing the necessary functions for the execution of the programs that are in it
       • The connection of the thousands or millions of electronic transistors is not done at random, since in order for these to be installed they need a particular connection located on the motherboard or motherboard
         • It is known as the processor socket, since in its beginnings it was installed on the board and could not be changed

2. Parts of a microprocessor

   • Control Unit (UC)
     • Follow each of the operations performed by an instruction
   • Management unit entry exit
     • Designates any transfer of information from or to memory or processor
   • Cache
     • It is the place where copies of common instructions required to perform functions and run programs are temporarily stored
       • Microprocessor memory types are ROM (read only) and RAM (random access)
   • Instruction unit
     • Decodes opcodes of instructions found in an instruction queue and stores them in the decoded instruction queue
   • Instruction decoder
     • There the incoming instructions that make up the program are interpreted
       • Compilers and interpreters come into play here
   • Records
     • Registers are memory cells where data is temporarily stored
       • There is a special register called indicators, status or flags, which reflects the operating state of the Microprocessor
   • Arithmetic-Logic Unit (ALU)
     • It is where arithmetic (addition, subtraction, and sometimes product and division) and logical operations (and, or, not, etc.) are carried out.
   • Floating Point Unit
     • Increases processor performance in applications that use non-integer calculations

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