Sentence semantics 1: situations

Sentence semantics 1: situations

1. Classifying situations

   • Aspect
     • Internal structure
   • State
   • Situation type
   • Tense
     • Placement in time
   • Dynamic situation
     • Involves change

2. Verbs and situation types

   • Verbs
     • stative
       • have
       • remain
       • know
       • love
       • be
     • Dynamic
       • punctual
         • instantaneous
       • telic
         • resultative
       • atelic
         • incomplete process
       • durative
         • last a period of time
   • Situation types
     • Vendler
       • activities (unbounded)
       • achievements
       • state
       • accomplishments (bounded)
     • Smith
       • semelfactive
       • achievements

3. Tense and aspect

   • tense
     • reference in time
   • aspect
     • temporal distribution
   • forms
     • progressive
     • simple
     • perfect

4. mood

   • indicative
     • Real situations
   • subjunctive
     • subordination
     • wishes, beliefs, exhortations

5. evidentiality

   • first-hand source
   • other source

6. Modality

   • varying degrees
   • strategies
     • adjective
     • modal verbs
       • deontic modality
         • obligation
         • permission
       • conditional sentences
       • consequent
       • epistemic modality
       • realis/irrealis modality
     • auxiliary verbs