Group 1 - Alkali Metals

Group 1 - Alkali Metals

1. As you go down Group 1, the alkali metals become...

   • 1- Bigger atoms
   • 2- More reactive
   • 3 - Higher density
   • 4 - Lower melting point
   • 5 - Lowing boiling point

2. 1) The alkali metals are very reactive

   • Have to be stored in oil and handled with forceps

3. 2) They are lithium, sodium, potassium and a few others

   • Learn them! Also rubidium and caesium

4. 3) All have 1 outer electron

   • Makes them very reactive and have similar properties

5. 4) All form 1+ ions

   • Keen to lose their one outer electron

6. 5) Always form ionic compounds

   • So keen to lose the outer electron there's no way they'd consider sharing - covalent bonding out of the question

7. 6) Reaction with water produces hydrogen gas

   • 1 - When lithium, sodium or potassium are put in water, they react very vigorously 2 - Move around the surface fizzing furiously 3 - Produce hydrogen - potassium gets hot enough to ignite it. A lighted splint will indicate hydrogen by producing the 'squeaky pop' as H2 ignites 4 - They form a hydroxide in solution - ie. aqueous OH- ions 2Na(s)+2H(2)0(l) = 2NaOH(aq)+H(2)(g) 2K(s)+2H(2)0(l)= 2KOH(aq)+H(2)(g)

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