TECTONIC HAZARDS

TECTONIC HAZARDS

1. INTERNAL STRUCTURE

   • •Why does plate move?
     • -Plates move because of convection current. Convection currents, movements of heat within the mantle is heated by the core, causing the mantle material to expand, rise and spread out beneath the plates.
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         • This causes the plates to be dragged along and move away from each other. Then the hot mantle material cools slightly and sinks, pulling the plates along.
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             • The sinking mantle material heats up again as it nears the core and the whole process repeats.
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                 • Slab-pull force occurs when a denser oceanic plate is forced beneath a less dense continental plate / oceanic plate in a process called subduction.

2. PLATE TECTONICS

   • 1. Convergent 2. Divergent 3.Transform
     • How do plates move? Which landforms are formed? Plate boundary?

3. LANDFORMS

   • 1. Rift Valley 2. Block Mountain 3. Mid-Oceanic Ridge 4. Oceanic trench 5. Volcanoes 6. Fold mountains
     • How are these landforms formed? NEED KNOW THE PROCESS!!!

4. VOLCANOES

   • 1. Formation
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       • *Plates, how volcanoes are formed? How caldera are formed?
   • 2. Type / Structure
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       • *Explain why are they different?
   • 3. Distribution
     • The Pacific Ring of Fire is where the most active volcanic activity occurs. A large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur along the edges of the Pacific Ocean where the Pacific Ring of Fire is located. Found along the boundaries of several converging plates, Pacific plate, the Philippine Plate, Australian Plate and the Eurasian Plate. Found along diverging plate, Atlantic Ocean and East Africa
   • 4. Risks and benefits
     • RISK: Landslides, Pollution, Effects on weather, Danger of volcanic materials
     • BENEFITS: Tourism, Geothermal energy, Precious stones and minerals, Fertile volcanic soil

5. EARTHQUAKES

   • 1. Formation