morphological and lexical aspect

morphological and lexical aspect

1. coinage: is the process in which a new word is created, either deliberately or accidentally, without using the other word-formation processes and from nothing at all

   • Examples: *escalator *heroin *band-aid *factoid Frisbee

2. nonce words: are simulated words that have no meaning at all. meaning is used to help people identify "Real Words" and practice reading words that contain the sounds they have learned so far.,

   • examples: *, cotton-wool –to stuff or close (the ears) with cotton wool. *touch-me-not-rashness–having a “touch-me-not” character; stand-off-ish.

3. loan words: refers to the wors that its origin it's from other languages and it can be used in foreign languages

   • examples: *algebra–Arabic *bagel –Yiddish *cherub –Hebrew *chow mein –Chinese *fjord –Norwegian

4. calquing: process in which a borrowed word or phrase is translated from one language to another

   • examples: beer garden– German –Biergarten blue-blood –Spanish –sangre azul commonplace–Latin–locus commūnis flea market–French–marché aux puces

5. clipping: is the process in which a word is reduced or shortened without changing the meaning of the word.

   • examples: advertisement – ad alligator – gator examination – exam gasoline – gas gymnasium – gym

6. back information: the process by which a word is shortened by the deletion of an affix

   • examples: credit/creditor, inspect/inspector, act/actor

7. acronyms: Using shortened forms of words or phrases can speed up communication

   • examples: *ADD: Advertisement *ASAP: as soon as possible *IMAX: Image Maximum *PIN: Personal Identification Number

8. blending: it is a very important process that helps us to improve our pronunciation in a new language.

   • example: When the word ‘dog’ is segmented like this, we can see that it’s made up of three different phonemes (sounds): /d/, /o/ and /g/. If you’re teaching a pupil how to blend this word, you could start them off by encouraging them to pronounce these phonemes individually.

9. reduplication:A term in morphology that designates a process of repetition by which the form of a prefix/suffix reflects phonological characteristics of the root.

   • examples: okey-dokey, film-flam, and pitter-patter.

10. proper names:: the name of an individual person, place, etc

11. onomatopoeia: is a word formed by imitation of a sound, noise or even a visual phenomenon, with which it is also semantically linked.

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