Off Site Construction (OSC)

Off Site Construction (OSC)

1. what are the advantages?

   • Controlled facility
   • Fuster construction
   • Lower construction waste
   • Higher Quality
   • Higher safety
   • More susteinability
   • Parallel construction activities

2. Methods

   • Construction-based Prefabricated components (PC´s)
   • Panelized construction
   • Modular integrate construction (MiC)

3. Challenges

   • Transportation and logistics
   • Construction-Supply Chain managment (OSC-SCM)
     • ranks top journals on OSC-SCM
       • Automation in Construction
       • Journal of Cleaner Production
       • Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
       • Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering
       • Construction Management and Economics
   • Installation of mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) modules
   • Project delays
   • Cost overruns

4. Stages

   • Design
     • Main problems
       • Contract managment
       • Structural design
       • Design for waste reduction
   • Production
     • Main problems
       • Production scheduling
       • Green production
       • Resource allocation
   • Logistics
     • Main problems
       • Inventory managment
       • Route planning
       • procurement managment
   • On site construction
     • Main problems
       • Crane operation y planning
       • Risk managment
       • Green construction
   • Integrated supply chain (SC)
     • Main problems
       • SC performance
       • Tracking
       • Green SC
       • Collaborative SC

5. Possible solutions to the main problems

   • Optimization
     • Optimization models for vehicle routing and truck dispatching problems
     • Scheduling optimization of crane operations
     • Mathematical optimization model to find the near-optimum assembly sequence that minimized the assembly time and cost
   • Simulation
     • Simulation approaches have been used to simulate complex systems and consider the uncertainty that originated from multiple disruptions at each SC stage
   • LCA (Life cycle assessment)
     • Estimate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions generated from using the precast-in-situ construction method
   • BIM
     • An automated BIM-based approach has been developed that converts two-dimensional computer-aided design (CAD) drawings into a BIM model.
     • BIM models have been used extensively in the design stage to improve communication among the multi-disciplined design teams and the other SC members
     • Identify the optimum number of sub-modules by using BIM models.
     • To find the optimum configurations/compounds of PCs that minimizes production, transportation and installation costs.
   • PTS (Position and tracking systems)
     • Track PCs during the production and logistics stages.
   • AI
     • AI methods have been frequently used in decision-making problems characterized by uncertainty
   • Game theory
     • Game theory model to design a win-win incentive mechanism to improve PCs’ quality, productivity, and sustainability
   • Hybrid methods
     • Hybrid approach to finding the optimum structural design of precast connections using artificial neural network