GLOBALISATION

GLOBALISATION

1. DEFINITION(s)

   • Increasing links and flows between different countries throughout the world resulting in greater interdependence usually in terms of trade
   • The integration of economic activity, via markets. The driving forces are technological and policy changes- falling costs of transport and communications and greater reliance on market forces

2. MEASUREMENT

   • Cultural Integration
     • How multi cultural people are, and attitudes to refugees and immigration
   • Personal Contacts
     • Number of passport holders as % of total population or volume of international phone calls made
   • Use of global technology
     • Number of internet users or quality of international phone linkages
   • Political Engagement
     • Number of memberships in international organizations or number of foreign embassies hosted
   • Economic Integration
     • Amount of FDI attracted, volume of trade flows and invisible size of markets

3. KEY THEMES

   • Flows
     • Velocity of flows
     • Intensity of flows
     • Extensiveness of flows
   • Interdependence
     • The relationship between 2 or more countries usually in terms of trade
       • Supply chains
         • Raw Materials, Supplier, Manufacturing, Distribution, Customer, Consumer

4. HISTORICAL

   • Incipient
     • 1850-1950
       • Emergence of early TNCs like Siemens
       • Emergence of international organizations and development of global events
   • Full Scale
     • 1950-now
       • Communications revolution
       • Rise of MNEs to dominate world trade
       • Increasing movement of people
       • Growing awareness of international issues
       • Strong development of international organizations