Organic chemistry

Organic chemistry

1. Based on hydrocarbons structures

   • 1 Meth-
   • 2 Eth-
   • 3 Prop-
   • 4 but-
   • 5 pent-
   • 6 Hex-

2. There's different functional groups

   • they depend on the number of bonds betweeen the carbonsBond dependent
     • 1 Alkanes -ane
     • 2 Alkenes -ene
     • 3 Alkynes -yne
   • Halogenoalkanes: A structure + halogen/s
     • It is necessary to indicate the halogen first+ its position when necessary
   • compounds with oxygen
     • Alcohols (OH) -ol
       • Ethers (O on a secondary carbon) -yl -yl ether
     • Aldehydes (=O on a primary carbon) -al
       • Carboxylic acids (=O+OH on a primary) -oic acid
         • Esters (=O+O on a primary carbon) -yl -oate
       • Amides (=O+NH2 on a primary carbon) -amide
     • Ketones (=O on a secondary carbon) -none
   • Compounds with nitrogen
     • Amines (NH2 ussuallly on a primary) -amine or amino-
     • Nitroderivatives (NO2 on any carbon) Nitro-
     • nitriles (-C=-N on a primary carbon) -nitrile
   • Cyclic compounds (closed chain)
     • Benzene (six carbons with three theoretical double bonds) benza- or benzene
       • When it is an alcohol it receives the name of phenol