Federalism_1

Federalism_1

1. When two or more governmental entities govern over the same people and land

   • Important because federalism offers a check and balances of government which allows a stronger chance of the people to govern instead of a tyrany
     • *Government is closer to the people.
       • Less chance of tyrany
         • States have own powers
           • Politcal innovation
             • Interstate competition
               • Very slow to actually get anything done
                 • Rendundant laws
                   • Policy failure
                     • National
                       • State
                         • City
                           • The constitution set up these different governments to be closer to the people and to avoid a tyrannical government through the tenth amendment.
                             • Supremacy law declares National Government's law supreme (Over powers) all other forms of government
                               • Tenth amendment gives powers not stated in Bill of Rights to the States.
                                 • Although the States have powers allowed by the National supremacy, they do not over power the National law and can not hurt the state of the Nation. This was shown in the court case of McCulloch v Maryland when the national government gave a license for interstate buisiness which overpowered the State license.
                                   • Commerce clause states the fact that National government has say on whats to be sold and what can not and was upheld by the supreme court case of Gibbons v Ogden
                                     • Dual Federalism is when there are seperate entities of government but they clash and make it very difficult to get anything done
                                       • Cooperative government is when the seprate forms of government help eachother make decisions and allow for dompromise
                                         • Fiscal federalism is how the governemnt works to help stabalize and improve our ever changing economy
                                           • Grants are money given by the government. Categorical grants are given which state very strict regulations on what the money should be used for. Block grants are given for any purpose the state deems necesary. Formula grants are given for people who fit given requirrments. Project grants are given to fund the completion of a work.
                                             • Mandates are formal notices and declarations made by courts and could either regard to criminal, international, or political policies