First Aid Study Guide

First Aid Study Guide

1. Part 1

   • Shock
     • When the circulatory system fails to deliver oxygen-rich blood to the tissues and organs
   • Check Call Care
     • The emergency actions steps when responding to an emergency situation
   • Checking Conscious Person
     • Interviewing the victim: What happened, pain, allergies, medications?
   • Checking Unconscious Person
     • Steps to caring for victim: Shout: "Are you okay?" Tap on shoulder: "Are you okay?" Call 9-1-1 Check for breating
   • Good Samaritan Law
     • Laws that protect citizens against claims of negligence when they provide emergency care
   • Consent
     • Permission to provide emergency care to a conscious victim (Introduce yourself and first aid training)
   • RICE
     • Rest Immobilize Cold Elevate

2. Drags and Carries

   • Clothes Drag
     • An emergency move Used to move a victim with a suspected head neck or spinal injury Grasp the person's clothing firmly behind their neck Head is cradled by first responder's arms
   • Walking Assist
     • Most basic non-emergency move Responder's body acts a a crutch

3. Sudden Illness

   • Seizures
     • When the normal functions of the brain are disrupted. Leads to involuntary movements and behaviors
   • Poisoning
     • Any substance that causes injury, illness, or death

4. Care

   • Preventing Disease Transmission
     • 1. Use barriers (gloves, masks, etc.) 2. Avoid contact with bodily fluids 3. Wash hands thoroughly after providing treatment
   • Seizure Care
     • 1. Do not try to stop the seizure 2. Make sure the environment is safe 3. After the seizure has stopped, check for breathing 4. Reassure the victim
   • Poisoning Care
     • Remove from source of poison Monitor for changes in condition Call National Poison Control Center Hotline
   • Heat Emergency Care
     • 1. Rest & Provide fluids and electrolytes (HC) 2. Move victim to cool area. Remove wet clothes. Fluids. Rest (HE) 3. Call 911. Rapidly cool body. Care for life threatening conditions (HS)
   • Cold Emergency Care
     • 1. Skin-to-skin contact. Soak in warm water (F) 2. Call 911. Warm victims body. Monitor for life threatening conditions (H)
   • Close Wound Care
     • 1. Apply cold (Ice) 2. Rest and Elevate
   • Open Wound Care
     • 1. Control bleeding 2. Clean infected area 3. Wrap and bandage 4. Call 911 (Major open/closed wounds)
   • Diabetic Emergency Care
     • 1. Assist a conscious victim in consuming a form of sugar 2. Assist victim with administering medication 3. Call 911 if victim is unconscious/unable to consume sugar
   • Allergic Reation
     • 1. Call 911 2. Assist victim administer epinephrine

5. Wounds

   • Open Wound
     • 1. Abrasion 2. Laceration 3. Avulsions 4. Punctures

6. Burns

   • Radiation Burn
     • Caused by overexposure to the sun Remove from the source of the burn Wear appropriate clothing and suncreen
   • Chemical Burn
     • Caused by dry or liquid chemicals Flush the burn with cool water Remove any contaminated clothing

7. Splints

   • 1. Anatomic 2. Sling & Binder 3. Rigid 4. Soft