CRANIAL NERVES

CRANIAL NERVES

1. Firts pair- Olfactory

   • Funtion
     • Perceive the smell.
   • Apparent origin
     • Bottom side of the olfactory bulb.
   • Actual origin
     • Bipolar olfactory mucosal cells.
   • Hole
     • Cribriform plate.
   • Fiber
     • Sensitive- Special visceral afferent.

2. Second pair - Òptical

   • Funtion
     • Capture the stimulus of light.
   • Apparent origin
     • Anterior angle of the optic chiasm.
   • Actual origin
     • Retinal ganglion cells.
   • Hole
     • Optical holes.
   • Fiber
     • Sensitive- Special somatic afferent.

3. third pair - Oculomotor

   • Funtion
     • Movement to the eyeball.
   • Apparent origin
     • Interpeduncular fossa.
   • Actual origin
     • Oculomotor nucleus.
   • Hole
     • Sphenoidal cleavage.
   • Fiber
     • Motor- General somatic efferent -General visceral efferent.

4. Fourth pair - Trochlear

   • Funtion
     • Move eyeball up and down.
   • Apparent origin
     • Below the lower quadrilateral follicles.
   • Actual origin
     • Trochlear core.
   • Hole
     • Sphenoidal cleavage.
   • Fiber
     • Motor-General somatic efferent.

5. Fifth pair- Trigemino

   • Funtion
     • Sensitivity to the face- Inerve muscle of chewing.
       • V1- Ophthalmic- V2-Maxilla - V3- Lower jaw.
   • Apparent origin
     • Lateral pit of the protuberance.
   • Actual origin
     • Trigeminal motor core.
   • Hole
     • Sphenoidal cleavagel - Large round - oval.
   • Fiber
     • Mixto
       • Motor- Special visceral efferent.
       • Sensitive - General somatic afferent.

6. Sixth pair-Abducens

   • Funtion
     • Move lateral rectus muscle.
   • Actual origin
     • Teres eminencia.
   • Apparent origin
     • Groove bulboprotuberancial above the pyramid.
   • Hole
     • Sphenoidal cleavage.
   • Fiber
     • Motor- General somatic efferent.

7. Seventh pair - Facial

   • Funtion
     • Move muscles of the face.
   • Apparent origin
     • Groove bulboprotuberancial above the olive tree.
   • Actual origin
     • Geniculate ganglion root /Reticular nucleus.
   • Hole
     • Stilomastoid.
   • Fiber
     • Mixed
       • Motor-Special visceral efferent.
         • Sensitive- Special visceral afferent.

8. Eighth pair - Vestibulocochlear

   • Funtion
     • Vestibulocochlear innervation.
       • Equilibrium - perceives sound waves.
   • Apparent origin
     • Lateral angle of the bulboprotuberancial groove.
   • Actual origin
     • Cochlear nerve- Vestibular nerve.
   • Hole
     • External auditive conduct.
   • Fiber
     • Sensitive- Special somatic afferent.

9. Nighth pair- Glossopharyngeal

   • Funtion
     • Sensory taste-Swallowing.
   • Apparent origin
     • Surco retrolivar-upper part.
   • Actua origin
     • Nerve ambiguous-Nerve tract- Salivary nerve.
   • Fiber
     • Mixed
       • Motor-Special visceral efferent.
         • Sensitive- General somatic afferent.
   • Hole
     • Jugular hole.

10. Tenth pair - Vague

    • Funtion
      • Innervates the heart-respiratory system-digestive system.
    • Apparent origin
      • Surco retrolivar- Middle part.
    • Actual origin
      • Ambiguous nerve-Dorsal nerve-Nerve tract.
    • Hole
      • Jugular hole.
    • Fibras
      • Mixed
        • Motor-General visceral efferent.
        • Sensitive- General visceral afferent.

11. Eleventh pair - Accessory

    • Funtion
      • Inerve the nape of the neck and part upper back.
    • Actual origin
      • Nerve ambiguous- Spinal nucleus.
    • Apparent origin
      • Surco retrolivar-Bottom .
    • Hole
      • Jugular hole.
    • Fiber
      • Motor-Special visceral efferent.

12. Twelfth pair- Halibut

    • Actual origin
      • Hypoglossal nerve.
    • Funtion
      • Inerva to the muscle of the tongue.
    • Apparent origin
      • Groove preolivar.
    • Hole
      • Hypoglossal duct.
    • Fiber
      • Motor-General somatic efferent.

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