"Operating Systems"

"Operating Systems"

1. Microsoft Windows

   • Is an operating system, that is, a set of programs that makes it possible to manage the resources of a computer. This type of system starts working when you turn on the computer to manage the hardware from the most basic levels.
     • Derivations of microsoft windows
       • Windows 3.1: Is a set of programs that works with the help of DOS operating system. It presents a graphical interface that allows to use menus, dialog boxes and icons, among others.
       • MS - DOS: Is an acronym for MicroSoft Disk Operating System, operating system created by Microsoft, and that have installed most PC
       • Windows 95: Is an operating system with hybrid graphical user interface between 16 and 32 bits. It was released on August 24, 1995 by Microsoft software company with notable sales success. During its development was known like Windows 4 or by the key name Chicago.
       • Windows 98: Is an operating system compatible with different types of software. As an example, we might say that it allows you to use a word processing program to write a letter or a spreadsheet program to control financial data.
       • Windows XP: Is a version of Windows, launched in October 2001. Its codename during the development phase was Whistler, while its official name comes from the English term eXPerience.
       • Windows Vista: Is a version of Microsoft Windows, a line of operating systems developed by Microsoft. This version focuses on desktop computers in homes and offices, laptops, tablets and media center equipment.
       • Windows 7: es una versión anterior de Microsoft Windows, línea de sistemas operativos producida por Microsoft Corporation. Esta versión está diseñada para uso en PC, incluyendo equipos de escritorio en hogares y oficinas, equipos portátiles, tabletas, netbooks y equipos multimedia.
       • Windows 8: Is an operating system designed by Microsoft. Its biggest difference with previous versions of Windows is that it introduces changes to the start menu, interaction and connectivity.
       • Windows 8.1 : Offers some concessions to users, such as the direct boot to the Desktop, or the return of the Start Button, offers some concessions to users, such as direct boot to the Desktop, or the return of the Start Button
       • Windows 10: Is the new version of the Microsoft operating system, which comes to try to redeem Windows 8 errors, and make the experience much more familiar and traditional use for the keyboard and mouse user, bringing back several features that many missed, and Incorporating new ones.

2. Linux

   • Linux is a free Unix, ie, an operating system such as Windows or MS-DOS (however, unlike these and other proprietary operating systems, it has been developed by thousands of computer users across the world, and The disadvantage of these is that what you get is what you get, otherwise there is no possibility of making modifications or knowing how the system was made.)
     • Linux derivations
       • CentOS: a distribution created from the same Red Hat system code but maintained by a community of volunteer developers.
       • Debian: A distribution maintained by a network of voluntary developers with a strong commitment to the principles of free software.
       • Fedora: a distribution released by Red Hat for the community.
       • OpenSUSE: originally based on Slackware, is currently sponsored by SUSE (Micro Focus International).
       • Ubuntu, a popular desktop distribution based on Debian and maintained by Canonical.

3. Mac operating system

   • Mac OS. (Macintosh Operating System) is the name of the operating system created by Apple for its line of Macintosh computers, also applied retroactively to versions prior to System 7.6, and which first appeared in System 7.5 .1.
     • Public beta Kodiak: Apple unveiled a preliminary version of Mac OS X (internally known as Kodiak) to the public on September 13, 2000 to receive comments and comments from users.
     • Version 10.0 Cheetah: On March 24, 2001, Apple released Mac OS X v10.0 (code-named Cheetah) .74 The initial version was slow, incomplete, and had very few applications available at the time of its release, almost All from independent developers.
     • Version 10.1 Puma: Before the end of the year, on September 25, 2001, Apple released this new version that increased the performance of the system while incorporating some new features such as DVD playback.
     • Version 10.2 Jaguar: On August 23, 2002, Apple introduced the Mac OS X v10.2 "Jaguar", the first version to use its codename as part of the brand.
     • Version 10.3 Panther: Mac OS X v10.3 Panther was released on October 24, 2003. In addition to having a much higher performance, it incorporated the largest update in the user interface, and as many or more improvements than Jaguar the previous year. On the other hand, in this version they stopped being supported some old models G3.
     • Version 10.4 Tiger: Mac OS X v10.4 "Tiger" went on sale on April 29, 2005. It contains more than 150 new enhancements, but as with the release of Panther, some older machines were no longer supported; In particular, any Apple computer that does not have a FireWire connection is no longer supported in Tiger.
     • Version 10.5 Leopard: Mac OS X v10.5 Leopard was released on October 26, 2007. It was called by Apple as the biggest Mac OS X update. It brought with it more than 300 new features.
     • Version 10.6 Snow Leopard: Mac OS X v10.6 "Snow Leopard" was released on August 28, 2009. Instead of including major changes in appearance and functionality as occurred in previous versions of Mac OS X, Snow Leopard focused In internal changes, such as: increase the performance, efficiency and stability of the operating system. For most users, the most notable changes are: the amount of space a clean install occupies, a rewritten Finder in Cocoa, faster backups in Time Machine, a more complete version of the Preview application, as well Which increased speed in the Safari web browser.
     • Version 10.7 Lion: On October 20, 2010, at the event called Back to the Mac, Apple showed a Sneak Peek of the next operating system Mac OS X 10.7 codenamed "Lion". Among the first features are Launchpad which is an iOS style application manager; And Mission Control that you could say is the integration of Dashboard, Exposé, Spaces and Applications windows in full screen.
     • Version 10.8 Mountain Lion: February 16, 2012 Apple released the Developer Preview of Mac OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion, a version of the operating system that includes many native iOS applications such as Reminders, Notes or Messages. It also includes a notification center close to iOS. Mac OS X Mountain Lion went on sale in Spain on July 25, 2012.
     • Version 10.10 Yosemite: On June 2, 2014 Apple introduced in "WWDC 2014" Mac OS X 10.10 Yosemite, a new version of the operating system that presents a redesign in its interface and improvements in the Finder, Safari, Mail, Notifications Center , etc.
     • Version 10.11 The Captain: On June 8, 2015, Apple presented at the World Conference of Developers (WWDC 2015), OS X El Capitan. This new version of the operating system maintains the interface of its predecessor OS X Yosemite, focusing on improving the user experience and performance of the operating system, with the introduction of "Metal for Mac", a feature of the system that already existed for iOS and Makes the GPU work at a faster rate.
     • Sierra Version 10.12: During WWDC 2016, on June 13, 2016, Apple announced the launch of MacOS Sierra. The new version was accompanied by a renaming of the operating system, which until then had been called OS X and was renamed macOS. Among the new features of this version include the enhancement of Continuity, thanks to which you can now unlock the Mac with the Apple Watch and adds a universal clipboard for all Apple devices, the possibility of freeing disk space through ICloud, the inclusion of Apple Pay on Mac to be able to make payments through the web, the jump from Picture in Picture of the iPads to the computers and the arrival of the virtual assistant Siri to the last platform of Apple in which it was not yet Present, which, in addition to being able to do the same as iOS, allows you to search the Finder and interact with the results by setting them as a Widget in the notification center and save the files you find on the web directly by dragging them.
     • Version 10.9 Mavericks: On October 22, 2013 Apple released the Mac OS X 10.9 Mavericks Update, a new version that integrates iOS applications such as Reminders, Notes, Messages, iBook and instant notifications but with much more customization. The new version can be updated without any cost from the day of its presentation.