ATOMS - created from Mind Map

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Atoms

Smallest particle

Cannot be broken down further

Scanning tunelling microscope gives us 3d look of electrons

Atoms

Smallest particle

Cannot be broken down further

Scanning tunelling microscope shows 3d electrons

Atomic theroies

Early greeks-Atoms building blocks of matter

J.J Thomson-Negative electrons embedded in sea of positve of charge

Ernest Rutherford-Positive elecrtons in central nucleus

Neils Bohr-Electrons orbit in circular orbit with quantized charge

Quantum Mechanics- Atoms are n different regions whose shape described threw mathemetical equations

Daltons Atomic theory:

1.Element composed of extremely small particle-Atoms

2.Atoms of given element identicla but atoms of one element different from all other atoms of elements

3.Atoms of one element not changed from atom of another element threw chemical reactions.

Atoms neither created nor destroyed in chemcal reaction\

4. Compound fromed when more than one element combined and given compound has same relative number and kind of atoms

Models

JJ Thomson:

Plum pudding Model- Negatively charged electrons surronded y positivly charged

Ernest Ruherford

Gold Foil Experiement

Discovred theat atom mostly empty space and contains positively charged electrons

Neils Bohr

Electrons do not move randomly

Move in specific layers or shells

Electrons moves one sheel above or below give or take energy

Strucutre of atom

The structure of the atom

Atoms

contain three

sub-atomic particles called protons

Stucture of atom

Contains three sub atomic particles

Protons: Postively charged particles found in nucleus of atom

Electrons: Negatively charged small aprticles found in space around nucleus

Protons and neutrons found in nucleus centre of atoms

Nucleus very small

Electrons found in energy shells near nucleus

Isotopes

Isotopes are atoms of an elemnet with different no.of neutrons but same no.of proton but different mass number

Properties of sub atomic particles

No. of electrons always same as no.of protons

They can loose or gain electrons

when they loose one or more electrons atom becomes postively charged ion

When they gain one or more electron they become negaively charged ion